Devices that convert heat into electricity, and methods for a fabrication of the same are provided. The asymmetric thermo-electrochemical capacitor uses a GO-based positive electrode and a battery-type negative electrode to open up the operating voltage window and enhance the electrical discharge capacity for converting low-grade heat into electricity with excellent efficiency, fast thermo-charging time, and stable cycles. The thermo-electrochemical device includes a carbon-based positive electrode, a conductive polymer or a metal-organic framework as negative electrode, a current collector, and a porous separator.

Devices that convert heat into electricity, and methods for a fabrication of the same are provided. The asymmetric thermo-electrochemical capacitor uses a GO-based positive electrode and a battery-type negative electrode to open up the operating voltage window and enhance the electrical discharge capacity for converting low-grade heat into electricity with excellent efficiency, fast thermo-charging time, and stable cycles. The thermo-electrochemical device includes a carbon-based positive electrode, a conductive polymer or a metal-organic framework as negative electrode, a current collector, and a porous separator.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

An electrochemical reactor includes positive and negative electrodes. A conductive and/or dielectric liquid is provided between the positive and negative electrodes. A first isolation member provided on the positive electrode isolates the positive electrode from the liquid, and a second isolation member provided on the negative electrode isolates the negative electrode from the liquid. The first and second isolation member each includes a liquid-repellent porous membrane. The reactor further includes a pressure-applying member which pressurizes the liquid to fill the pores of the first and second liquid-repellent porous membranes with the liquid, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction involving the positive and negative electrodes.

One or more devices, systems, apparatuses, methods of manufacture and/or methods of use to facilitate thermal sensing in a field related to thermal radiation are envisioned. In one embodiment, an ionic thermoelectric thermal radiation sensor, comprises a substrate, an ionic thermoelectric sensing unit arranged on the substrate and comprising ionically conductive and electrically insulating material, wherein the ionic thermoelectric sensing unit is a voltage-producing unit having first and second surfaces spaced apart from and disposed opposite to one other, wherein the ionic thermoelectric sensing unit produces voltage via thermal diffusion of ions or via the Soret effect under a temperature difference between the first and second surfaces, a thermal radiation absorber that generates heat when exposed to thermal radiation, and one or more electrical connectors that connect the first and second surface.

A thermoelectric generation device includes a first thermoelectric generation module having at least one heat utilization power generation element and a first housing that accommodates the heat utilization power generation element, a second thermoelectric generation module having at least one heat utilization power generation element and a second housing that accommodates the heat utilization power generation element, and an electroconductive member electrically connecting the first and second thermoelectric generation modules, wherein an outer surface of the first housing is in contact with an outer surface of the second housing. The heat utilization power generation element includes at least an electrolyte layer and a thermoelectric conversion layer.

A thermoelectric generation device includes a first thermoelectric generation module having at least one heat utilization power generation element and a first housing that accommodates the heat utilization power generation element, a second thermoelectric generation module having at least one heat utilization power generation element and a second housing that accommodates the heat utilization power generation element, and an electroconductive member electrically connecting the first and second thermoelectric generation modules, wherein an outer surface of the first housing is in contact with an outer surface of the second housing. The heat utilization power generation element includes at least an electrolyte layer and a thermoelectric conversion layer.

A temperature-dependent capacitor comprises a first conductive plate, a second conductive plate located in a parallel-planar orientation to the first conductive plate, and a dielectric material located between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate, the dielectric material having a temperature-dependent dielectric constant (ε) value, wherein the temperature-dependent capacitor has a positive correlation of an operating temperature of the temperature-dependent capacitor to a capacitance value of the temperature-dependent capacitor.

Various embodiments of systems and methods for a thermogalvanic brick are disclosed.

Various embodiments of systems and methods for a thermogalvanic brick are disclosed.