To identify a microorganism causing the development of primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with ulcerative colitis. A Klebsiella pneumoniae strain inducing inflammation in the liver.

Disclosed herein are vaccine compositions for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections (UT!s) and methods for delivery of the vaccine compositions. Moreover, the disclosure provides adjuvant compositions for vaccines to modulate cellular responses. such as an immune response.

An optimized protein-free tripartite vaccine that protects against lethal blood and lung infections caused by a variety of nosocomial pathogens across taxonomic kingdoms, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi.

The present invention relates to proteins and nucleic acids derived from Klebsiella pneumonia as well as therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the proteins and nucleic acids.

A method for treating a microbial infection, especially pneumonia, comprising administering an aqueous-ethanol extract of Thymus or Boswellia or a composition containing the extract. Aqueous-ethanol extracts of Thymus and/or Boswellia.

The present invention provides compositions and methods of inducing an immune response in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an immunologically-effective amount of a live Salmonella typhi vector comprising a heterologous antigen from a pathogen, wherein the heterologous antigen comprises an outer membrane protein, an antigenic fragment thereof or a variant thereof, wherein the antigen is delivered to a mucosal tissue of the subject by an outer membrane vesicle.

The invention provides methods of modulating an immune system in a vertebrate host for the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of infection by a first microbial pathogen in a target tissue, comprising administration at an administration site of an effective amount of an antigenic formulation comprising antigenic determinants specific for a second heterologous microbial pathogen.

Polypeptides comprising a FimH lectin domain comprising an amino acid mutation that causes the FimH lectin domain to be in the low affinity conformation for mannose are described. Pharmaceutical compositions which comprise such polypeptides and methods of stimulating an immune response in a subject in need thereof by administration of the polypeptide are further described.

The invention provides methods of treating inflammation in a specific organ or tissue of an individual. The method involves determining whether the individual has previously been infected with at least one pathogen that is pathogenic in the specific organ or tissue; and administering to the individual an anti-inflammatory composition comprising antigenic determinants, the antigenic determinants selected or formulated so that together they are specific for the at least one pathogen. The pathogen may be an endogenous or exogenous pathogen, and may further be a bacterial pathogen, a viral pathogen, a fungal pathogen, a protozoan pathogen, or a helminth pathogen.

The invention provides peptides derived from a ubiquitous protein, and nucleic acids encoding such peptides. The invention extends to various uses of these peptides and nucleic acids, for example, as antigens for use in vaccines per se and in the generation of antibodies for use in therapeutic drugs for the prevention, amelioration or treatment of infections caused by sepsis-inducing bacteria. The invention particularly benefits immunocompromised hosts such as neonates, babies, children, women of fertile age, pregnant women, foetuses, the elderly and diabetics.