The virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine against CVB4 infection includes a virus-like particle (VLP) derived from VP1 of Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4). The vaccine is devoid of virus RNA. The virus-like particles may be in nanoparticle form and coated with a polymer coating. The polymeric coating may be albumin, e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA).

Compositions for prevention of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) are provided, comprising an antigen component in the amount equivalent to 0.5-20 μg FMD virus and an adjuvant component comprising oil, an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide, and a polycationic carrier. Methods of using the composition, as well as the methods of reducing FMD persistence are also provided.

Compositions for prevention of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) are provided, comprising an antigen component in the amount equivalent to 0.5-20 μg FMD virus and an adjuvant component comprising oil, an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide, and a polycationic carrier. Methods of using the composition, as well as the methods of reducing FMD persistence are also provided.

Conserved epitopes selected from EV71 and CVA16, the two major causative agents of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease has been used to develop sub-unit bivalent vaccine antigen construct. The said vaccine described in this invention is capable to provide cross-protection to diverse EV71 and CVA16 infection causing strains. Further disclosed are the expression of the multi-epitope vaccine antigen coding gene and the purification process involved thereof. This present invention also discloses vaccine formulations against Hand Foot and Mouth Disease and other enterovirus infections comprising the recombinant vaccine antigen construct of the present invention.

Conserved epitopes selected from EV71 and CVA16, the two major causative agents of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease has been used to develop sub-unit bivalent vaccine antigen construct. The said vaccine described in this invention is capable to provide cross-protection to diverse EV71 and CVA16 infection causing strains. Further disclosed are the expression of the multi-epitope vaccine antigen coding gene and the purification process involved thereof. This present invention also discloses vaccine formulations against Hand Foot and Mouth Disease and other enterovirus infections comprising the recombinant vaccine antigen construct of the present invention.

The present disclosure provides a type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen, wherein the type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen is type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen, and the type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen is assembled by VP0, VP3 and VP1 antigen proteins of type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus. The type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen of the present disclosure has good immunogenicity. The prepared vaccine can produce complete protection against the O-type foot-and-mouth disease virus on the 14th day after immunization. The antibody titer produced is higher than that of the commercial inactivated vaccine, and the duration of immune protection can be maintained for at least 133 days. The disclosure also relates to the prepared vaccine composition, preparation method and use thereof.

The present disclosure provides a type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen, wherein the type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen is type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen, and the type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen is assembled by VP0, VP3 and VP1 antigen proteins of type O CATHAY type foot-and-mouth disease virus. The type O foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle antigen of the present disclosure has good immunogenicity. The prepared vaccine can produce complete protection against the O-type foot-and-mouth disease virus on the 14th day after immunization. The antibody titer produced is higher than that of the commercial inactivated vaccine, and the duration of immune protection can be maintained for at least 133 days. The disclosure also relates to the prepared vaccine composition, preparation method and use thereof.

The invention concerns a baculovirus expression vector for recombinantly expressing a Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) capsid precursor protein under control of a promoter, the expression vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the FMDV capsid precursor protein, wherein the ATG start codon of an open reading frame encoding the FMDV capsid precursor protein © is preceded at position −4 to −1 by the nucleic acid sequence 5′-AAAT-3′. The invention further relates to a host cell comprising the baculovirus expression vector, a method of producing FMDV virus-like particles (VLPs), and a method of producing a vaccine.

The invention concerns a baculovirus expression vector for recombinantly expressing a Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) capsid precursor protein under control of a promoter, the expression vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the FMDV capsid precursor protein, wherein the ATG start codon of an open reading frame encoding the FMDV capsid precursor protein © is preceded at position −4 to −1 by the nucleic acid sequence 5′-AAAT-3′. The invention further relates to a host cell comprising the baculovirus expression vector, a method of producing FMDV virus-like particles (VLPs), and a method of producing a vaccine.

Provided herein is a nucleic acid comprising consensus amino acid sequence of foot-and-mouth disease FMDV VP1-4 coat proteins of FMDV subtypes A, Asia 1, C, O, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3 as well as plasmids and vaccines expressing the sequences. Also provided herein is methods for generating an immune response against one or more FMDV subtypes using the vaccine as described above as well as methods for deciphering between vaccinated mammals with the vaccine and those that are infected with FMDV.