The present invention provides improved and/or shortened processes and methods for preparing TILs in order to prepare therapeutic populations of TILs with increased therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), wherein the NSCLC is refractory to treatment with an anti-PD-1 antibody and/or anti-PD-L1 antibody and/or VEGF inhibitor, or wherein the NSCLC has a predetermined tumor proportion score (TPS).

Claudin 18.2 T cell antigen couplers (TACs) polypeptides having (i) an antigen-binding domain that binds Claudin 18.2, (ii) an antigen-binding domain that binds a protein associated with a TCR complex, and (iii) a T cell receptor signaling domain polypeptide are provided.

Provided is an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), in which the CAR includes a single chain antibody or single chain antibody fragment, a costimulatory domain, a primary intracellular signaling domain. The single chain antibody or single chain antibody fragment includes a murine anti-CD19 binding domain, wherein the murine anti-CD19 binding domain includes a heavy chain variable (VH) region comprising a heavy chain complementarity determining region (CDR H1), a CDR H2, and a CDR H3; and a light chain variable (VL) region comprising a light chain complementarity determining region 1 (CDR L1), a CDR L2, and a CDR L3. The costimulatory domain includes 4-1BB, and the primary intracellular signaling domain includes a native intracellular signaling domain of CD3 zeta.