The invention is based on a platform for vaccination and/or antibody generation. The invention is based on the display of small molecular immunogenic compounds on the coat of variant surface glycoproteins (VSG) on trypanosomes which results in a highly effective immune response when used as a vaccine or in immunization for antibody production. The herein disclosed antigenic particles are applicable for producing antibodies or can be directly used as vaccines for the treatment of various medical conditions. Most preferably the invention relates to the VSG based vaccines specific for dependency causing substances for the treatment of addiction or avoidance of adverse events during drug abuse. Other applications include methods and uses involving the disclosed compounds and compositions for a treatment or prevention of cancer, infectious disease, contagious neurodegenerative diseases, non-communicable disorders (e.g. certain neurodegenerative diseases, allergies) and any condition or industrial use for which an immune response from vaccination or antibody use would be desirable.

An immunomodulator for use in the treatment, reduction, inhibition or control of a neoplastic disease in a patient intended to undergo checkpoint inhibition therapy, selected from a cell, protein, peptide, antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof, directed against CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1 and combinations thereof, simultaneously, separately or sequentially with administration of the immunomodulator. The immunomodulator comprises a whole cell Mycobacterium, for example, M. vaccae or M. obuense.

Disclosed herein are bacteria-based HIV MPER vaccine candidates, as well as bacteria-based candidates for other viruses and for bacteria. The HIV vaccine candidates express MPER-derived antigens on their surfaces using Gram autotransporters. The surface-expressed MPER antigens bind several different MPER-directed anti-HIV Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies. When the bacteria expressing the MPER-derived antigens on their surfaces are used to immunize mice they elicit the production of sera and vaginal wash material that bind the bacteria expressing the MPER antigens. At least one of the bacteria expressing MPER-derived antigens on their surfaces elicits the production of sera with anti-HIV neutralizing activity. Killed whole cell and live Salmonella expressing the MPER derived antigens on their surfaces constitute new approaches to HIV vaccine develop that is plausible and that could ultimately yield an inexpensive, globally appropriate candidate vaccine that could be rapidly produced and deployed largely using currently available technology.

The present invention is based on the discovery of new and advantageous properties of a class of known polymeric emulsifiers. The emulsifier class was found to be resistant to degradation by crude bacterial antigen preparations, which degradation caused emulsion instability when using prior art emulsifiers. This allows the formulation of safe, stable, and effective vaccines based on these emulsions of oil and water comprising such bacterial antigens. The polymeric emulsifier is a block copolymer having a general formula A-B-A in which component B is the divalent residue of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol and component A is the residue of an oil-soluble complex monocarboxylic acid. Preferred emulsifier is a PEG-30-di-(polyhydroxystearate).

Immunogenic compositions for combating C. difficile infection are disclosed comprising an admixture of at least two components (a) and (b), where component (a) comprises inactivated cells of at least one strain of C. difficile, or cell surface extracts (CSE) from one or more strains of C. difficile bacteria; and component (b) comprises at least one toxoid or a non-toxic, immunogenic polypeptide fragment of a C. difficile Toxin A or Toxin B. Administration of the immunogenic composition is effective to elicit an immune response in a subject immunized with said composition to produce antibodies reactive with at least one C. difficile strain and at least one C. difficile toxin.

Provided is a hepatitis B treatment vaccine based on an inactivated whole recombinant Hansenula polymorpha cell which expresses HBsAg and HBcAg. An HBsAgVLP and an HBcAgVLP expressed in the recombinant Hansenula polymorpha cell are used as antigens, the amino acid sequence of the HBsAg expressed by the recombinant Hansenula polymorpha contains a total of 19 CTL epitopes, the amino acid sequence of the HBcAg expressed by the recombinant Hansenula polymorpha contains a total of 19 CTL epitopes, and the inactivated whole recombinant Hansenula polymorpha cell is used as an adjuvant.

An improved vaccine for immunization of waterfowl such as ducks and geese comprises an inactivated strain of a mycoplasma infecting waterfowl, such as Mycoplasma sp. strain 1220; the vaccine can include an excipient and an adjuvant. Methods for immunization of waterfowl with the vaccine are also described.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of veterinary biological products, and specifically relates to a triple vaccine for diseases caused by Salmonella typhimurium, Riemerella anatipestifer and Escherichia coli. In the triple vaccine, antigens are an inactivated Salmonella typhimurium E01 strain, an inactivated Riemerella anatipestifer R01 strain and an inactivated Escherichia coli E01 strain. The three strains used in the vaccine have high virulence, disable immunogenicity and disable cross-protection. The prepared vaccine has a desirable safety, causing no local or systemic adverse reactions. In a shelf life test, all indicators of the vaccine are stable and effective after a data analysis of traits, a safety test and an efficacy test; in addition, efficacy test results prove that the inactivated triple vaccine can produce desirable antibodies and relatively desirable attacking protection.

Disclosed are a bacteriologically-modified whole-cell tumor vaccine and a method of making the same. The method includes: lysing bacteria at logarithmic growth phase to obtain a bacterial lysate; mixing the bacterial lysate with an excessive amino compound solution to aminate the bacterial lysate in the presence of EDC; mixing the aminated bacterial lysate with the tumor cells for a certain period of time to produce bacteriologically-modified tumor cells; and inactivating the bacteriologically-modified tumor cells to produce the bacteriologically-modified whole-cell tumor vaccine. The bacteriologically-modified whole-cell tumor vaccine has been demonstrated to have desirable therapeutic effect in tumor model mice.

The invention relates to vaccine compositions for treating and/or preventing infections by a bacterium of the Chlamydiaceae family, said compositions comprising bacteria of the Chlamydiaceae family, which have been previously treated by at least one peptidoglycan inhibitor, or extracts of said treated bacteria.