The invention relates to the field of immunity against Coronaviruses. In this respect, the invention provides vectorized antigens derived from Coronaviruses that trigger an immune response against Coronaviruses. The invention accordingly relates to an active ingredient which is a live attenuated recombinant measles virus expressing Coronavirus antigen(s) and to its use in eliciting immunity, in particular protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 strain and advantageously broad-spectrum protective immunity against various strains of Coronaviruses.

Vaccine based on ethanol inactivated pathogens, or part thereof, are described herein. Also disclosed are certain vaccines for treating COVID-19 or other coronavirus related diseases is created by deactivating the genome, genetic material or RNA encapsulated within the shell of virus without eliminating the spikes or spike protein, which both attaches the virus to a host cell and is detected by the body to produce antibodies. Treatment of an active coronavirus with a material such as an effective amount of ethanol will both penetrate the shell and deactivate the genetic material which causes the disease, for preparation of a vaccine.

Described herein are Zika virus vaccines and compositions and methods of producing and administering said vaccines to subjects in need thereof.

Embodiments herein relate to compositions and methods for stabilizing Flaviviruses. In certain embodiments, compositions and methods disclosed herein concern stabilizing live, attenuated or unattenuated (e.g. live whole) flaviviruses. Other embodiments relate to compositions and methods for reducing degradation of live, attenuated or unattenuated flaviviruses. Other embodiments relate to improved formulations for prolonging stabilization of live attenuated or unattenuated Flaviviruses during manufacturing, storage, accelerated storage and transport. Yet other embodiments relate to uses of compositions disclosed herein in kits for transportable applications and methods.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to nucleic acid vaccines. The vaccines include one or more RNA polynucleotides having an open reading frame encoding one or more Chikungunya antigen(s), one or more Zika virus antigens, and one or more Dengue antigens. Methods for preparing and using such vaccines are also described.

Provided herein are compositions comprising a vaccine composition and an agent that triggers metabolic reprogramming of B cells and methods of using the agent that triggers metabolic reprogramming of B cells to increase effectiveness of the vaccine by increasing memory B cell population. One aspect of the disclosure includes a method of increasing the effectiveness of a vaccine in a subject, which comprises administering a B cell metabolic reprogramming agent to the subject in a dose and schedule configured to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine, wherein the subject is administered with the vaccine.

Provided is an rtTA and single chain rtTA variants and uses thereof for inducible expression of a nucleic acid of interest. Nucleic acid molecules comprising an improved rtTA and/or sc rtTA sequence according to the invention are also provided, as well as vectors, replicons and cells comprising such nucleic acid molecules.

Provided herein are genetically modified arenaviral vectors suitable as vaccines for prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus infections and reactivation. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections and reactivation. Specifically, provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions, vaccines, and methods of treating cytomegalovirus infections and reactivation.

Modified alphaviruses encoding a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or antigenic segment of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are provided. The modified alphaviruses include replicative defective Sindbis viruses. The modified viruses express or are administered with an immunomodulatory agent that is an agonist antibody or antigenbinding fragment thereof, or a cytokine, or a combination thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions that include the modified alphaviruses and methods of using the modified alphaviruses and compositions that contain them are provided. The compositions are used to stimulate a therapeutic or protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection that includes humoral and cell mediated responses.

The invention relates to an attenuated variant of the Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) with mutations in the amino acid sequence coded by segments L, M and S of RVFV RNA; a pharmaceutical or veterinary composition comprising same; an attenuated RVFV variant for use in the prevention of Rift Valley Fever; and a vaccine against Rift Valley Fever comprising the attenuated RVFV variant. Attenuated RVFV variants with the mutations Gly924Ser and Ala303Thr in protein L, and the Pro82Leu substitution in protein NSs, are also included.