A mucosal adjuvant may have high mucosal immunogenicity and high safety and be useful in the preparation of mucosal vaccines, and a mucosal vaccine composition may include the same. Such mucosal adjuvant may include TGDK. A method for preparing the mucosal vaccine composition may include mixing TGDK with an immunogen.

A therapeutic vaccination method includes growing and harvesting viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or tumor cells on a cell culture or other appropriate medium; killing the viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or tumor cells in the cell culture or other appropriate medium with a dose of methylene blue; separating the dead viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or tumor cells from a remainder of the cell culture or other appropriate medium using a filter and/or centrifuge; adding antivirals, antibacterials, antifungals, antiparasitics, and/or anti-neoplastic medications at non-toxic therapeutic concentrations to the dead viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or tumor cells so as to form a therapeutic vaccine; and administering the therapeutic vaccine to a patient in need thereof to simultaneously produces a therapeutic response and a humoral and cellular immune response in the body of the patient without resulting in deleterious side effects to the patient.

An immune preparation includes an immune substance formed by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, a non-antibiotic amino compound, polyethyleneimine, and at least one metal ion. The immune preparation does not include any antibiotics to prevent potential side effects. The amino compound may be chitosan oligosaccharide. The immune preparation is suitable for mucosal administration. The mucosal immune preparation facilitates mucosal immunity of human body allowing for the activation and proliferation of various immune cells.

The present invention relates to using monoterpene or sesquiterpene to permeabilize the blood brain barrier.

The present invention discloses immunogenic compositions including recombinant peptides and proteins comprising human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) antigens and immunogens, e.g., gp 120 protein peptides. In some aspects, the immunogenic composition comprises a secreted fusion protein comprising a soluble HIV viral antigen joined by in-frame fusion to a C-terminal portion of a collagen which is capable of self-trimerization to form a disulfide bond-linked trimeric fusion protein. In some aspects, the immunogenic compositions provided herein are useful for generating an immune response, e.g., for treating or preventing an HIV infection. In some aspects, the immunogenic compositions provided herein may be used in a vaccine composition, e.g., as part of a prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccine. Also provided herein are methods for producing the recombinant peptides and proteins, prophylactic, therapeutic, and/or diagnostic methods, and related kits.

Self-assembling, cytocompatible peptides having the ability to form uniform nanorod assemblies are described. These peptides comprise a self-assembling β-sheet peptide and an amino terminal positively charged amino acid or amino acid analog, such as a lysine residue. Constructs comprising an antigen covalently attached to the self-assembling peptide are also disclosed, as well as the use of such constructs as vaccines for inducing an immune response against the antigen.

Provided, herein, in certain embodiments are virus-like particles such as synthetic enveloped VLPs or synthetic membrane VLPs. In some embodiments, the VLPs comprise a lipid bilayer. In some embodiments, the VLPs comprise a purified antigen anchored to the lipid bilayer. Some embodiments relate to vaccines comprising the VLP, methods of using the vaccine, and methods of making the vaccine or VLP.

The present invention provides a nanogel nasal vaccine that induces cell-mediated immunity. The present invention relates to a vaccine preparation comprising a complex of a nanogel, a vaccine antigen, and an adjuvant, wherein the vaccine preparation can efficiently induce the cell-mediated immunity, and can also induce a systemic and mucosal immune response.

Described herein are compositions and methods for the reducing a risk of contracting a respiratory disease in a subject or reducing a risk of transmitting a respiratory disease from a first subject to a second subject. In some cases, a composition or method described herein can comprise a modulator (e.g., a pattern recognition receptor, such as a STING agonist, for instance cGAMP) In some cases, a composition or method described herein can comprise a liposome, which may be used to encapsulate one or more STING agonists. In some cases, a liposome of a composition or method described herein may comprise one or more antigens attached to, integrated into, or associated with a liposomal membrane of the liposome.

Provided is a novel coronavirus vaccine using replication-deficient human type 5 adenovirus as a vector. The vaccine takes the replication-deficient human type 5 adenovirus that is lack of E1 and E3 in a combined mode as a vector, and HEK293 cells that integrate adenovirus E1 genes serve as a packaging cell line, and protective antigenic genes carried are optimized COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) S protein genes (Ad5-nCoV). The vaccine has good immunogenicity in both mouse and guinea pig models and can induce the body to produce a strong cellular and humoral immune responses in a short time. Research on the protective effect of hACE2 transgenic mice shows that 14 days after a single Ad5-nCoV immunization, the viral load in lung tissues can be significantly reduced. It shows that the vaccine has a good immune protection effect against COVID-19.