A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace, wherein the trace extends along the top side of the dielectric layer and along a substantially parallel plane with respect to either the first side or the second side and in predetermined locations periodically along the length of the dielectric layer, the at least one trace extends downwardly from the parallel plane for a distance and then upwardly towards the parallel plane.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace, wherein the trace extends along the top side of the dielectric layer and along a substantially parallel plane with respect to either the first side or the second side and in predetermined locations periodically along the length of the dielectric layer, the at least one trace extends downwardly from the parallel plane for a distance and then upwardly towards the parallel plane.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace. A plurality of lights disposed on the dielectric layer.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace. A plurality of lights disposed on the dielectric layer.

A nozzle-type electron beam irradiation device includes a vacuum chamber, an electron beam generator disposed in the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum nozzle that is connected to the vacuum chamber so as to guide an electron beam from the electron beam generator and emit the electron beam to the outside. The nozzle-type electron beam irradiation device includes a high-vacuum pump capable of sucking gas from the vicinity of the connecting part of the vacuum nozzle in the vacuum chamber.

A nozzle-type electron beam irradiation device includes a vacuum chamber, an electron beam generator disposed in the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum nozzle that is connected to the vacuum chamber so as to guide an electron beam from the electron beam generator and emit the electron beam to the outside. The nozzle-type electron beam irradiation device includes a high-vacuum pump capable of sucking gas from the vicinity of the connecting part of the vacuum nozzle in the vacuum chamber.

An ion source includes a chamber having a first end, a second end opposite the first end, a first wall extending from the first end to the second end, and a second wall opposite the first wall. The ion source also includes a source filament at the first end of the chamber and configured to emit electrons and a first amount of heat, a beam aperture at the second wall of the chamber, and one or more heaters positioned within the chamber and between the second end and the beam aperture and operable to provide a second amount of heat. The one or more heaters are positioned and operable such that the second amount of heat balances the first amount of heat to reduce or eliminate a temperature gradient in the chamber.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace, wherein the trace extends along the top side of the dielectric layer and along a substantially parallel plane with respect to either the first side or the second side and in predetermined locations periodically along the length of the dielectric layer, the at least one trace extends downwardly from the parallel plane for a distance and then upwardly towards the parallel plane.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace, wherein the trace extends along the top side of the dielectric layer and along a substantially parallel plane with respect to either the first side or the second side and in predetermined locations periodically along the length of the dielectric layer, the at least one trace extends downwardly from the parallel plane for a distance and then upwardly towards the parallel plane.

A flexible ion generator device that includes a dielectric layer having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, a top side, and a bottom side, at least one trace positioned on the dielectric layer and having a plurality of emitters engaged to the at least one trace. A plurality of lights disposed on the dielectric layer.