An apparatus for generating filtered light may include a broadband illumination source configured to generate broadband illumination and a total internal reflection (TIR) filter formed from a material at least partially transparent to the broadband illumination. The TIR filter may include one or more input faces oriented to receive the broadband illumination. The TIR filter may further be oriented to reflect wavelengths of the broadband illumination beam below a selected cutoff wavelength on one or more filtering faces as filtered broadband illumination and provide the filtered broadband illumination beam through one or more output faces. The cutoff wavelength may further be selected based on total internal reflection on the one or more faces.

A plasma lamp includes plates that are approximately parallel, with at least one array of microcavities formed in a surface of at least one plate. When desirable, the plates are separated a fixed distance by spacers with at least one spacer being placed near the plate's edge to form a hermetic seal therewith. A gas makes contact with the microcavity array. Electrodes capable of delivering a time-varying voltage are located on the surface of each plate. At least one electrode is located on an exterior surface of at least one interior plate. Optionally, protective windows may be placed over the electrodes. The application of the time-varying voltage interacts with the gas to form a glow discharge plasma in the microcavities and the fixed volume between the plates (when present). The glow discharge plasma efficiently and uniformly emits UV/VUV radiation over the entire surface of the lamp.

A discharge lamp drive device includes a discharge lamp driver configured to supply drive electric current to a discharge lamp having a first electrode and a second electrode, a control unit configured to control the discharge lamp driver, and a storage unit configured to store a plurality of drive patterns of the drive electric current. The control unit is configured to select one drive pattern from among the plurality of drive patterns based on machine learning, and implement the selected drive pattern. The control unit performs a first control that increases a drive electric power supplied to the discharge lamp according to an increase in an inter-electrode voltage of the discharge lamp, in a case where the inter-electrode voltage is equal to or larger than a first voltage value and the inter-electrode voltage is equal to or lower than a second voltage value higher than the first voltage value.

The invention describes a gas-discharge lamp comprising an inner vessel enclosing a pair of electrodes separated by a gap; and an outer vessel enclosing the inner vessel; and wherein the lamp comprises a lateral stripe arranged on the surface of a vessel such that the lateral stripe lies below a horizontal plane through a longitudinal axis through the center of the lamp, and wherein the lateral stripe extends essentially only over a region corresponding to the gap between the electrodes.

Apparatuses are disclosed which include one or more lamps configured to emit germicidal light, wherein the apparatuses are configured such that germicidal light emitted from the one or more lamps is projected exterior to the apparatus. The apparatuses further include wheels arranged along a bottom of the apparatus and a motor to provide automated mobility of the apparatus across at least a part of a room or area in which the apparatus is arranged. Moreover, the apparatuses include a processor and a storage medium having program instructions which are executable by the processor for activating the motor such that the apparatus is moved within the room or area while the one or more lamps are emitting germicidal light.

A transmission window (1) for a VUV gas discharge lamp is defined which comprises a substrate (3) which is transparent to the VUV spectrum and a nanolayer stack (2) provided on the substrate, the nanolayer stack (2) comprising at least one nanolayer and the top layer of the nanolayer stack being electrically conducting. Also, a VUV gas discharge lamp, a photo-ionization device and a photo-ionization detector comprising said transmission window are defined.

A laser-sustained plasma lamp includes a gas containment structure configured to contain a volume of gas. The gas containment structure is configured to receive pump illumination from a pump laser for generating a plasma within the volume of gas. The gas containment structure includes one or more transmissive structures being at least partially transparent to the pump illumination from the pump laser and at least a portion of the broadband radiation emitted by the plasma. The one or more transmissive structures have a graded absorption profile so as to control heating of the one or more transmissive structures caused by the broadband radiation emitted by the plasma.

The invention is directed to a sealed high intensity illumination device configured to receive a laser beam from a laser light source. A sealed chamber is configured to contain an ionizable medium. The chamber includes a reflective chamber interior surface having a first parabolic contour and parabolic focal region, a second parabolic contour and parabolic focal region, an ingress surface configured to admit the laser beam into the chamber, and an egress surface configured to emit high intensity light from the chamber. The first parabolic contour is configured to reflect light from the first parabolic focal region to the second parabolic contour, and the second parabolic contour is configured to reflect light from the first parabolic contour to the second parabolic focal region.

An illumination source for igniting and sustaining a plasma in a plasma lamp of a laser-sustained plasma (LSP) broadband source includes one or more ignition lasers configured to ignite the plasma within a gas contained within the plasma lamp. The illumination sources also include one or more sustaining lasers configured to sustain the plasma. The illumination sources include a delivery optical fiber, one or more optical elements configured to selectively optically couple an output of the one or more ignition lasers, and an output of the one or more sustaining lasers to the delivery optical fiber.

A laser-sustained broadband light source includes a gas containment structure and multiple jet nozzles. The jet nozzles are configured to direct multiple liquid jets of plasma-forming material in directions to collide with one another within the gas containment structure. The laser-sustained broadband light source further includes a laser pump source configured to generate an optical pump to sustain a plasma in a region of the gas containment structure at a collision point of the plurality of liquid jets and a light collector element configured to collect broadband light emitted from the plasma.