A sealed high intensity illumination device configured to receive a laser beam from a laser light source and method for making the same are disclosed. The device includes a sealed cylindrical chamber configured to contain an ionizable medium. The chamber has a cylindrical wall, with an ingress and an egress window disposed opposite the ingress window. A tube insert is disposed within the chamber formed of an insulating material. The insert is configured to receive the laser beam within the insert inner diameter.

A plasma light with at least one non-rotating light bulb is disclosed. The light includes a conducting cavity structure with a radiation source input port and a light bulb. The geometry of the cavity is designed to generate electrical fields with time-dependent geometrical designed orientation within parts of the light bulb, while the direction of the radiation fields from the radiation source port caused by a microwave generator to the input port fields is stationary.

A LSP broadband light source is disclosed. The light source may include a gas containment structure for containing a gas. The light source may include a laser pump source configured to generate an optical pump to sustain a plasma within the gas containment structure for generation of broadband light. The light source may include a tapered window configured to transmit broadband light through an aperture within a wall of the gas containment structure, the tapered window including a tapered section including a tapered surface, wherein the tapered surface is configured to deflect light impinging on a peripheral portion of the tapered window away from a portion of the gas containment structure to protect the portion of the gas containment structure.

A method and apparatus for generating a pulsed jet of fluid, and transforming the jet into a plasma. The method includes using a high-pressure rapid solenoid valve, and a pipe mounted on an outlet opening of the solenoid valve to produce a pulsed fluid jet which is sub-millimetric in size, and the atomic density of which is more than 10.sup.20 cm.sup.3.