To help reduce program disturbs in non-selected NAND strings of a non-volatile memory, a sub-block based boosting scheme in introduced. For a three dimensional NAND memory structure, in which the memory cells above a joint region form an upper sub-block and memory cells below the joint region form a lower sub-block, dummy word lines in the joint region act as select gates to allow boosting at the sub-block level when the lower block is being programmed in a reverse order.

A display device includes first pixel circuit unit, second pixel circuit unit, third pixel circuit unit, and fourth pixel circuit unit spaced from one another, first pixel electrode on the first pixel circuit unit, second pixel electrode on the second pixel circuit unit, third pixel electrode on the third pixel circuit unit, fourth pixel electrode on the fourth pixel circuit unit, first light-emitting element electrically connected to the first pixel electrode, the first light-emitting element configured to emit first light, second light-emitting element electrically connected to the second pixel electrode, the second light-emitting element configured to emit second light, and third light-emitting element electrically connected to the third pixel electrode, the third light-emitting element configured to emit third light. A length of the first light-emitting element in a first direction is greater than each of a length of the second and third light-emitting elements in the first direction.

A display device includes first pixel circuit unit, second pixel circuit unit, third pixel circuit unit, and fourth pixel circuit unit spaced from one another, first pixel electrode on the first pixel circuit unit, second pixel electrode on the second pixel circuit unit, third pixel electrode on the third pixel circuit unit, fourth pixel electrode on the fourth pixel circuit unit, first light-emitting element electrically connected to the first pixel electrode, the first light-emitting element configured to emit first light, second light-emitting element electrically connected to the second pixel electrode, the second light-emitting element configured to emit second light, and third light-emitting element electrically connected to the third pixel electrode, the third light-emitting element configured to emit third light. A length of the first light-emitting element in a first direction is greater than each of a length of the second and third light-emitting elements in the first direction.

A semiconductor package and a method of forming the same are provided. The semiconductor package includes: a semiconductor substrate having a front side and a back side, the semiconductor substrate having a chip area and a dummy area; a front structure below the front side, and including an internal circuit, an internal connection pattern, a guard pattern, and a front insulating structure; a rear protective layer overlapping the chip area and the dummy area, and a rear protrusion pattern on the rear protective layer and overlapping the dummy area, the rear protective layer and the rear protrusion pattern being on the back side; a through-electrode structure penetrating through the chip area and the rear protective layer, and electrically connected to the internal connection pattern; and a rear pad electrically connected to the through-electrode structure. The internal circuit and the internal connection pattern are below the chip area, and the guard pattern is below the chip area adjacent to the dummy area.

A display device and method for fabrication thereof are provided. The display device includes a first substrate, pixel electrodes on the first substrate, light emitting elements respectively on the pixel electrodes, and including first semiconductor layers, second semiconductor layers, active layers respectively between the first semiconductor layers and the second semiconductor layers, a first light emitting element including a first active layer of the active layers, a second light emitting element including a second active layer of the active layers that is different from the first active layer, a third light emitting element including a third active layer of the active layers that is different from the first and second active layers, and a fourth light emitting element including a fourth active layer of the active layers that is different from the first to third active layers, and a common electrode layer on the light emitting elements.

A display device and method for fabrication thereof are provided. The display device includes a first substrate, pixel electrodes on the first substrate, light emitting elements respectively on the pixel electrodes, and including first semiconductor layers, second semiconductor layers, active layers respectively between the first semiconductor layers and the second semiconductor layers, a first light emitting element including a first active layer of the active layers, a second light emitting element including a second active layer of the active layers that is different from the first active layer, a third light emitting element including a third active layer of the active layers that is different from the first and second active layers, and a fourth light emitting element including a fourth active layer of the active layers that is different from the first to third active layers, and a common electrode layer on the light emitting elements.

A semiconductor package includes a package substrate, a semiconductor stack on the package substrate, a passive device on the package substrate and spaced apart from the semiconductor stack, and a stiffener on the package substrate and extending around an outer side of the semiconductor stack. The stiffener includes a first step surface extends over the passive device. A width of a bottom surface of the stiffener is smaller than a width of a top surface of the stiffener.

Provided is a semiconductor package including a first semiconductor chip provided on a package substrate, an interconnection substrate provided on the package substrate, the interconnection substrate having a side surface facing the first semiconductor chip, and a second semiconductor chip provided on the interconnection substrate and extended to a region on a top surface of the first semiconductor chip, wherein the interconnection substrate includes a lower interconnection layer facing the package substrate, an upper interconnection layer facing the first semiconductor chip, and a passive device between the lower interconnection layer and the upper interconnection layer, and wherein the passive device is electrically connected to the second semiconductor chip.

A printed circuit board (PCB) system includes a first printed circuit board (PCB), an integrated circuit (IC) package, and a memory module. The IC package includes i) a package substrate, ii) a main IC chip that is electrically coupled to a top surface of the package substrate, iii) first contact structures that are disposed on a bottom surface of the package substrate and that are electrically coupled to the first PCB, and iv) second contact structures that are disposed on a top surface of the package substrate. The memory module includes i) a second PCB, ii) one or more memory IC chips that are disposed on the second PCB, and iii) third contact structures that are disposed on a bottom surface of the second PCB. An interposer electrically couples the second contact structures of the IC package with the third contact structures of the memory module.

A printed circuit board (PCB) system includes a first printed circuit board (PCB), an integrated circuit (IC) package, and a memory module. The IC package includes i) a package substrate, ii) a main IC chip that is electrically coupled to a top surface of the package substrate, iii) first contact structures that are disposed on a bottom surface of the package substrate and that are electrically coupled to the first PCB, and iv) second contact structures that are disposed on a top surface of the package substrate. The memory module includes i) a second PCB, ii) one or more memory IC chips that are disposed on the second PCB, and iii) third contact structures that are disposed on a bottom surface of the second PCB. An interposer electrically couples the second contact structures of the IC package with the third contact structures of the memory module.