Methods and devices for detecting incident radiation, such as incident X-rays, gamma-rays, and/or alpha particle radiation are provided. The methods and devices use high purity, high quality single-crystals of inorganic semiconductor compounds, including solid solutions, having the formula AB.sub.2X.sub.5, where A represents Tl or In, B represents Sn or Pb, and X represents Br or I, as photoelectric materials.

A semiconductor material having the molecular formula Cu2l2Se6 is provided. Also provided are solid solutions of semiconductor materials having the formulas Cu2lxBr2-xSeyTe6-y and Cu2lxBr2-xSeyS6-y, where 0≤x≤1 and 0≤y≤3. Methods and devices that use the semiconductor materials to convert incident radiation into an electric signal are also provided. The devices include optoelectronic and photonic devices, such as photodetectors, photodiodes, and photovoltaic cells.

A detector may be provided with an array of sensing elements. The detector may include a semiconductor substrate including the array, and a circuit configured to count a number of charged particles incident on the detector. The circuit of the detector may be configured to process outputs from the plurality of sensing elements and increment a counter in response to a charged particle arrival event on a sensing element of the array. Various counting modes may be used. Counting may be based on energy ranges. Numbers of charged particles may be counted at a certain energy range and an overflow flag may be set when overflow is encountered in a sensing element. The circuit may be configured to determine a time stamp of respective charged particle arrival events occurring at each sensing element. Size of the sensing element may be determined based on criteria for enabling charged particle counting.

The present disclosure provides a flat panel detector and a medical image detection device. The flat panel detector includes a base substrate, wherein the base substrate is divided into a plurality of detection units, each detection unit includes a first absorbing layer and a second absorbing layer, both of which are arranged on the base substrate in a laminating manner, the second absorbing layer is located on one side, away from the base substrate, of the first absorbing layer, and an energy level of rays absorbed by the second absorbing layer is smaller than that of rays absorbed by the first absorbing layer; a voltage supply electrode structure; and an output circuit, electrically connected to the voltage supply electrode structure and configured to output a first detection signal of the first absorbing layer and a second detection signal of the second absorbing layer.

A lightning strike alarm system using a Bipolar Conventional Air Terminal comprises a sensor electrically connected to a rod element electrified by a ground charge and an electrification plate-cone or an electrification plate-tube electrified by a thunderstorm cloud, and configured to measure electric energy induced in the electrification plate-cone or the electrification plate-tube; and a controller configured to determine that the thunderstorm cloud has approached when the electrical energy is greater than a reference energy; and an alarm device configured to output an alarm signal, based on a result of determining that the thunderstorm cloud has approached, wherein the sensor comprises: a luminescence unit, including a voltage stabilizer preventing induction of a high voltage due to the thunderstorm cloud, configured to emit light by the electric energy; and a light receiver configured to receive the light, convert the light to electric energy, and transfer the electric energy to the controller.

A lightning strike alarm system using a Bipolar Conventional Air Terminal comprises a sensor electrically connected to a rod element electrified by a ground charge and an electrification plate-cone or an electrification plate-tube electrified by a thunderstorm cloud, and configured to measure electric energy induced in the electrification plate-cone or the electrification plate-tube; and a controller configured to determine that the thunderstorm cloud has approached when the electrical energy is greater than a reference energy; and an alarm device configured to output an alarm signal, based on a result of determining that the thunderstorm cloud has approached, wherein the sensor comprises: a luminescence unit, including a voltage stabilizer preventing induction of a high voltage due to the thunderstorm cloud, configured to emit light by the electric energy; and a light receiver configured to receive the light, convert the light to electric energy, and transfer the electric energy to the controller.

A photonics integrated circuit includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. A portion of the first waveguide has a first cladding with a first refractive index. The second waveguide includes a second cladding with a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. Also disclosed is a test circuit for a photonics integrated circuit. The test circuit can be used to determine waveguide losses, and used to tune the waveguide losses.

The present disclosure provides a photosensitive device, including: a photosensitive layer (1) formed by stacking a plurality of fillers, each of the fillers being a uniformly distributed nanopore structure, the nanopore structure being filled with gaseous selenium; a first electrode (2) provided on a light incident side of the photosensitive layer (1); and a second electrode (3) provided on a light exit side of the photosensitive layer (1). The present disclosure further provides an X-ray detector and a display device.

This disclosure relates to an access cover detection circuit for an electrified vehicle component and a corresponding method. An exemplary component of an electrified vehicle includes an access cover configured to selectively open and close relative to the component, and a circuit configured to indicate whether the access cover is open. The circuit includes a light sensitive electronic component.

This disclosure relates to an access cover detection circuit for an electrified vehicle component and a corresponding method. An exemplary component of an electrified vehicle includes an access cover configured to selectively open and close relative to the component, and a circuit configured to indicate whether the access cover is open. The circuit includes a light sensitive electronic component.