A thermal battery including: a casing; a battery cell disposed in the casing; a pair of electrical leads extending from the casing and electrically connected to the battery cell; a heat generating pyrotechnic material, separate from the battery cell, at least partially surrounding the battery cell; and a thin metallic layer disposed between the battery cell and the heat generating pyrotechnic material for increasing a uniformity of heat distribution from the heat generating pyrotechnic material to the battery cell.

A battery unit may comprise a first cell type and a second cell type electrically connected at least in series, wherein the first cell type may include N first cells, the second cell type may include M second cells, and N and M are positive integers; the first cell may have a discharge cell balance rate of CB1, the second cell may have a discharge cell balance rate of CB2, with 0.5≤CB1≤CB2≤1.4, and when the battery unit is charged to 95%-100% of the state of charge, the first cell may have a corresponding open-circuit voltage change rate of not greater than 0.005 V/% SOC, and the second cell type may have a corresponding open-circuit voltage change rate greater than that of the first cell.

A hot stapler includes a body, two heat conducting units, an electrical storage unit, a circuit unit, and a switch button. The body includes a head and a handle. The electrical storage unit is disposed in the handle and has a voltage value less than 6 volts. A first wire and a first resistor of the circuit unit are electrically mounted between one of the two heat conducting units and the electrical storage unit. A second wire and a second resistor of the circuit unit are electrically mounted between the other one of the two heat conducting units and the electrical storage unit. The switch button is disposed on the handle and is switchable between a power-on position and a power-off position.

The disclosed technology relates to a set of battery tabs. The battery tabs include a first tab forming an elongated member, a second tab forming an elongated member, and a unitary seal surrounding a portion of the respective elongated members of the first tab and the second tab. The unitary seal spaces the first tab apart from the second tab to create a gap between the first tab and the second tab. The first tab and second tab each connect to respective electrodes enclosed within a pouch of a battery cell to allow the cell's energy to be transferred to an external component.

The disclosed technology relates to a set of battery tabs. The battery tabs include a first tab forming an elongated member, a second tab forming an elongated member, and a unitary seal surrounding a portion of the respective elongated members of the first tab and the second tab. The unitary seal spaces the first tab apart from the second tab to create a gap between the first tab and the second tab. The first tab and second tab each connect to respective electrodes enclosed within a pouch of a battery cell to allow the cell's energy to be transferred to an external component.

A battery module that includes a stack of battery cells, where each battery cell has a terminal, and the terminal has a first alloy of a metal. The battery module has a bus bar that includes a body having a second alloy of the metal, nickel plating on at least a portion of the body, and an indentation disposed on the body, where a thickness of the nickel plating is between 0.2% and 20% of an overall thickness of the body, and a weld physically and electrically coupling the respective terminal to the bus bar. The indentation has a depth between 10% and 90% of the overall thickness, an area of the indentation is between 5% and 20% of an overall area of the body, and the nickel plating enables the weld to be stronger than a weld between the first and second alloys.

A power source system including a plurality of cells. The power source system uses electrical charge or current generated by a reaction in at least one of the cells to provide at least one operating material to at least one other of the cells. Optionally, the power source system uses the electrical charge generated by the reaction in the at least one of the cells to provide the at least one operating material to the at least one other of the cells only when the state of charge of the at least one of the cells is equal to or below a threshold or when the use of the cell is equal to or above a threshold. Optionally, in an initial or non-operational state, one or more or each of the cells is dry or without the at least one operating material and the power source system is configured to selectively switch at least one of the plurality of cells from the non-operational state to an operational state by providing the at least one operating material to the at least one cell.

A power source system including a plurality of cells. The power source system uses electrical charge or current generated by a reaction in at least one of the cells to provide at least one operating material to at least one other of the cells. Optionally, the power source system uses the electrical charge generated by the reaction in the at least one of the cells to provide the at least one operating material to the at least one other of the cells only when the state of charge of the at least one of the cells is equal to or below a threshold or when the use of the cell is equal to or above a threshold. Optionally, in an initial or non-operational state, one or more or each of the cells is dry or without the at least one operating material and the power source system is configured to selectively switch at least one of the plurality of cells from the non-operational state to an operational state by providing the at least one operating material to the at least one cell.

The present disclosure provides a buffering member and a battery module, the buffering member comprises a first member and a second member. The first member comprises a first main body and a first connecting portion, the second member comprises a second main body and a second connecting portion. The first main body and the second main body face each other, and the first connecting portion is cooperated with and fixedly connected to the second connecting portion. Because the first member and the second member are independent members, and they can be formed by separately cutting a sheet. Because the first member and the second member each are small in size and simple in structure, and they can be rapidly formed by using less material, the whole structure of the buffering member is simple and the buffering member uses less material, thereby maximally improving the utilization rate of the sheet.

An object is to provide a device that operates on a self sustaining power source. A device comprising that operates on a self-sustaining power source includes: 2n electrodes (n is an integer of 2 or more) from a first electrode to a 2n-th electrode; and a medium present between a (2k−1)-th electrode (k is an integer of 1 or more and less than n) and a 2k-th electrode and between a (2n−1)-th electrode and the 2n-th electrode. The 2k-th electrode is connected to a (2k+1)-th electrode, and an impedance between a point in the medium between the (2k−1)-th electrode and the 2k-th electrode and a point in the medium between the (2k+1)-th electrode and a (2k+2)-th electrode is greater than or equal to 5 times each of an impedance between the (2k−1)-th electrode and the 2k-th electrode and an impedance between the (2k+1)-th electrode and the (2k+2)-th electrode.