A storage system for reversibly storing and releasing a gas such as hydrogen includes storage elements each having a storage volume with a storage material such as a metal-organic framework (MOF) for reversibly adsorbing or physiosorbing the gas, a gastight housing surrounding the storage volume and having a gas inlet/outlet which is in fluid-conducting communication with the storage volume, and at least one non-fluid activating element or activating layer configured to, when in an activation state, release the gas stored in the MOF and/or increases the rate of release relative to an unactivated state. The activating element or layer may surround and/or penetrate the storage material. The activating element may be controlled by an associated control to enter the activation state.

A storage system for reversibly storing and releasing a gas such as hydrogen includes storage elements each having a storage volume with a storage material such as a metal-organic framework (MOF) for reversibly adsorbing or physiosorbing the gas, a gastight housing surrounding the storage volume and having a gas inlet/outlet which is in fluid-conducting communication with the storage volume, and at least one non-fluid activating element or activating layer configured to, when in an activation state, release the gas stored in the MOF and/or increases the rate of release relative to an unactivated state. The activating element or layer may surround and/or penetrate the storage material. The activating element may be controlled by an associated control to enter the activation state.

A system comprises an electrodialysis apparatus, which includes first and second reservoirs, wherein a salt concentration in the first reservoir reduces below a threshold concentration and salt concentration in the second reservoir increases during an operation mode. A first electrode comprises a first solution of a first redox-active electrolyte material, and a second electrode comprises a second solution of a second redox-active electrolyte material. In a first reversible redox reaction between the first electrode and first electrolyte material at least one ion is accepted from the first reservoir, and in a second reversible redox reaction between the second electrode and second electrolyte material at least one ion is driven into the second reservoir. A first type of membrane is disposed between the first and second reservoirs, and a second type of membrane, different from the first type, is disposed between the respective electrodes and reservoirs.

At low temperature, a temperature regulator regulates a flow rate of a coolant to the water-cooled intercooler such that the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas (supercharged air) supplied from the oxygen-containing gas supply machine to the oxygen-containing gas inlet of the fuel cell stack increases as the generated electric power by the fuel cell stack increases (characteristic in FIG. 2).

At low temperature, a temperature regulator regulates a flow rate of a coolant to the water-cooled intercooler such that the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas (supercharged air) supplied from the oxygen-containing gas supply machine to the oxygen-containing gas inlet of the fuel cell stack increases as the generated electric power by the fuel cell stack increases (characteristic in FIG. 2).

Provided is a reducing gas detection sensor which has sensitivity improved as compared to that of the related art, and in which power consumption is decreased. The reducing gas detection sensor includes: a reducing gas detection material including a palladium compound and a carbon compound, and having reactivity with a reducing gas; and a unit configured to measure a conductivity of the reducing gas detection material.

Provided is a reducing gas detection sensor which has sensitivity improved as compared to that of the related art, and in which power consumption is decreased. The reducing gas detection sensor includes: a reducing gas detection material including a palladium compound and a carbon compound, and having reactivity with a reducing gas; and a unit configured to measure a conductivity of the reducing gas detection material.

Disclosed is an energy self-sufficient real time bio-signal monitoring and nutrient and/or drug delivery system based on salinity gradient power generation. The energy self-sufficient real time bio-signal monitoring and/or nutrient delivery system based on salinity gradient power generation includes: an electricity generation and nutrient and/or drug delivery module including a reverse electrodialysis device which generates electricity by using a nutrient and/or drug solution and discharge a diluted nutrient solution; and a bio-signal measuring unit inserted into the electricity generation and nutrient and/or drug delivery module and configured to receive electricity from the electricity generation and nutrient and/or drug delivery module and measure a bio-signal.

A light-driven fuel cell includes a cathode, an anode, and a proton-permeable membrane between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a photocatalyst for anaerobic methane oxidation reaction, and when the anode is supplied with methane and water and is irradiated with light, methanol, protons and electrons are generated by anaerobic methane oxidation reaction from the methane and the water supplied to the anode; the protons pass through the proton-permeable membrane and move to the cathode; and the electrons move to the cathode via an external circuit. The cathode includes a photocatalyst for aerobic methane oxidation reaction, and when the cathode is supplied with methane and oxygen and is irradiated with light, methanol and water are generated by aerobic methane oxidation reaction from the methane and the oxygen supplied to the cathode and the protons and the electrons moved from the anode.

A light-driven fuel cell includes a cathode, an anode, and a proton-permeable membrane between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes a photocatalyst for anaerobic methane oxidation reaction, and when the anode is supplied with methane and water and is irradiated with light, methanol, protons and electrons are generated by anaerobic methane oxidation reaction from the methane and the water supplied to the anode; the protons pass through the proton-permeable membrane and move to the cathode; and the electrons move to the cathode via an external circuit. The cathode includes a photocatalyst for aerobic methane oxidation reaction, and when the cathode is supplied with methane and oxygen and is irradiated with light, methanol and water are generated by aerobic methane oxidation reaction from the methane and the oxygen supplied to the cathode and the protons and the electrons moved from the anode.