Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization elements are described. In some embodiments, the methods and apparatus to form the biocompatible energization elements involve forming cavities into a fuel cell. The active elements of a cathode, anode, membrane and fuel storage are sealed with a laminate stack of biocompatible material. In some embodiments, a field of use for the methods and apparatus may include any biocompatible device or product that requires energization elements.

A gas connector comprising a gas outlet port; and a re-configurable mating interface. The mating interface is configured to provide a first mating profile and a second mating profile. The first mating profile is configured for connecting the gas connector to a first type of electronic device and the second mating profile is configured for connecting the gas connector to a second, different, type of electronic device.

A protective cover (10) for a portable computing device (1) provides a fuel source (14) disposed within a compartment in the protective cover. The fuel source may be a hydrogen fuel source suitable for delivering hydrogen to a fuel cell (15) within the protective cover or within the portable computing device, for generating electrical power for use by the portable computing device. The protective cover may have a plurality of planar panels (11) separated by a one or more hinge regions (12) which can each house a fuel source compartment. The protective cover may also be serviceable as a stand.

A battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a tab, a first connecting piece, and a second connecting piece. The electrode assembly includes a first end face and a second end face that are disposed opposite to each other, and a first surface and a second surface that are connected to the first end face and the second end face respectively. The tab protrudes from first end face. The first connecting piece surrounds the first end face and is connected to the first surface and the second surface separately. A first via hole is made on the first connecting piece. The tab is threaded out of the first via hole. The second connecting piece surrounds the second end face and is connected to the first surface and the second surface separately. A plurality of second via holes are made on the second connecting piece.

The invention relates to a device that is to be implanted in vivo and includes a stent (46) surrounded, at least partially, by at least one flexible conductive film (54, 56) containing chains of a linear polymer, each of which has carbon nanotubes connected thereto via pi-pi interactions. Said film is functionalized by enzymatic grafting so as to form an electrochemical bioreactor element.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a fluid distribution system. The system may include one or more electrochemical cell layers, a bulk distribution manifold having an inlet, a cell layer feeding manifold in direct fluidic contact with the electrochemical cell layer and a separation layer that separates the bulk distribution manifold from the cell feeding manifold, providing at least two independent paths for fluid to flow from the bulk distribution manifold to the cell feeding manifold.

A portable computing device such as a laptop computer has a base unit (2) and a display screen unit (3) coupled together by a hinge assembly (7) configured to allow rotation of the base unit and the screen unit relative to one another. The display screen unit has a display panel on a first face of the display screen unit and a fuel cell array (12a, 12b) disposed adjacent to a second face of the display screen unit. Ventilation apertures through the second face of the display screen unit provide air flow to the fuel cell array. A fuel conduit extends between the base unit and the display screen unit across the hinge assembly for delivering fuel from the base unit to the display screen unit.

This disclosure relates to module level redundancy for fuel cell systems. A monitoring component monitors a set of operational parameters for a fuel cell group. The fuel cell group includes a set of fuel cell units, each having a set of fuel cell stacks. The fuel cell stacks include a set of gas powered fuel cells that convert air and fuel into electricity using a chemical reaction. The monitoring component determines that the set of operational parameters do not satisfy a set of operational criteria, and, in response, a load balancing component adjusts the electrical output capacity of the set of fuel cell units included in the fuel cell group.

A fuel cell power module is coupled to a fuel supply reactor module by way of an adaptor which includes some of the control elements for controlling reaction of reactants in the reactor module. The adaptor includes a housing and a first connection interface in the housing for detachably coupling the adaptor to a fuel cell power module fuel inlet port and a second connection interface in the housing for detachably coupling the adaptor to a reactor module fuel outlet port. A fluid line extends between the first connection interface and the second connection interface. The adaptor includes a motive unit of a flow control mechanism configured to provide motive power to a flow circuit of a reactor module when the reactor module is coupled to the adaptor. The adaptor enables a fuel cell power module to be interfaced with different types of reactor modules having different form factor and different control requirements.

In various embodiments, a solid oxide fuel cell is fabricated in part by disposing a functional layer between the cathode and the solid electrolyte.