A rechargeable battery cell has an electrolyte comprising a conducting salt. The electrolyte is based on SO.sub.2 and the positive electrode comprises an active material of the composition A.sub.xM′.sub.yM″.sub.z(XO.sub.4-mS.sub.n), wherein A is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metal of group 12 of the periodic table or aluminum, preferably sodium, calcium, zinc, particularly preferably lithium. M′ is at least one metal selected from a group consisting of titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc. M″ is at least one metal selected from a group consisting of the metals of groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the periodic table. X is phosphorus or silicon. x is greater than 0. y is greater than 0. z is greater than or equal to 0. n is greater than 0 and m is less than or equal to n.

A positive current collector, a positive electrode plate, a secondary battery, and an apparatus, the positive current collector comprising a support layer, provided with two opposing surfaces in the thickness direction thereof, and a conductive layer arranged on at least one of the two surfaces of the support layer, wherein the conductive layer has a thickness Di satisfying 300 nm≤D.sub.1≤2 μm; and when the positive current collector has a the tensile strain of 1.5%, the conductive layer has a sheet resistance growth rate of T≤30%. The positive current collector has higher safety performance and meanwhile higher electrical performance, and thus a positive electrode plate and a secondary battery adopting the positive current collector could have higher safety performance and meanwhile higher electro-chemical performance.

A metal-gas battery including: a battery core, gas container and a movable member. The battery core including a metal anode; a non-aqueous electrolyte; a porous cathode; and terminals for providing electrical power from the battery core. The gas container being configured to hold a pressurized gas. The movable member being configured to be movable from a non-activated position in which the pressurized gas in the container is sealed from entering the porous cathode and an activated position in which the pressurized gas flows into the porous cathode to activate the battery core.

Provided is a multi-layered porous film which includes a functional layer having a controlled thickness in a length-wise direction thereof and which is suitable as a separator for batteries. The multi-layered porous film includes a base film, and a functional layer containing both an inorganic filler and a binder resin, the functional layer being formed on the base film, wherein a difference between a maximum basis weight and a minimum basis weight of the multi-layered porous film in a length-wise direction thereof is equal to or smaller than 2 grams/m.sup.2, the basis weight being measured every 100 meters interval. The separator fabricated by cutting a film roll comprised of a multi-layered porous film into pieces each having a given length has small lot-based fluctuation in quality, and makes it possible to fabricate a battery having a small fluctuation in quality.

A conductive coating composition for use in electrical energy storage devices, which contain a non-aqueous electrolyte, is provided comprising an organic polymeric binder comprising one or more water-soluble polymers; water; solid conductive particles dispersed in the binder; and phosphorus based acid bound to at least one of the water-soluble polymers and present in a range of 0.025-10.0% by weight of the water-soluble polymers, as well as methods of making and using said conductive coating composition, coated current collectors and electrical energy storage devices made therefrom.

Provided are a battery cell that can be produced efficiently. A frame body of each cell frame of a battery cell includes an inner peripheral recessed portion formed by reducing a thickness of a peripheral portion that surrounds an entire perimeter of the penetrating window so that the peripheral portion has a smaller thickness than other portions of the frame body. A bipolar plate of the battery cell includes an outer peripheral engaging portion that engages with the inner peripheral recessed portion, the outer peripheral engaging portion being a portion having a particular width and extending throughout an entire outer periphery of the bipolar plate. The battery cell includes a disrupting structure that disrupts a leak channel that serves as an escape route for the electrolyte, the leak channel causing the inlet slit and the outlet slit to be in communication with each other and being formed between an outer periphery of the inner peripheral recessed portion and an outer periphery of the outer peripheral engaging portion when the cell frames are viewed from front.

According to one embodiment, there is provided an active material that includes a composite oxide having a crystal structure belonging to a space group Fmmm. The composite oxide is represented by the formula: Li.sub.2+xNa.sub.2-yM.sub.zTi.sub.6O.sub.14+δ. Herein, M includes at least one of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. x is within a range of 0≦x≦6. y is within a range of 0<y<2. z is within a range of 0<z<1. δ is within a range of −0.5≦δ≦0.5. Further, y is greater than z.

The present invention provides a microporous membrane having an excellent balance of temperature characteristics, shrinkage characteristics, permeability, and strength, and thereby realizes a separator for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, having excellent performance and excellent safety. A polyolefin microporous membrane having;

a temperature difference not less than 7.2° C. between a shutdown shrinkage temperature and a maximum shrinkage temperature in a TD measured by TMA;
a shrinkage rate difference less than 25% between a shutdown shrinkage rate and a maximum shrinkage rate in the TD;
a pin puncture strength at a membrane thickness of 16 μm being not less than 400 gf; and
a ratio of pin puncture strength to air permeation resistance at a membrane thickness of 16 μm being from 2.0 to 4.0 (gf/(sec/100 cc)).

Provided are: a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material that has high crystallinity, that causes less amount of Mn deposition on a negative electrode, and that can form a secondary battery having excellent cycle characteristics; and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery positive electrode active material according to the present invention is formed of a lithium-manganese-nickel complex oxide including a spinel-type crystal structure, wherein the lithium-manganese-nickel complex oxide has a crystallite diameter not smaller than 1000 Å and is formed of primary particles that have a polyhedron shape having more than eight surfaces. The proportion of ungrown particles not having the polyhedron shape of the primary particles in the lithium-manganese-nickel complex oxide is preferably not higher than 5%.

An object of the present invention is to provide a reduced graphene oxide-graphite composite material capable of improving battery characteristics such as the charge and discharge efficiency and the capacity retention ratio of a lithium ion secondary battery, and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a reduced graphene oxide-graphite composite material in which a reduced graphene oxide and a graphite are formed into a composite, wherein the functional group ratio (C—O/C═O) between C—O bond and CO=bond is 3 to 6 as obtained from a C1s spectrum based on surface analysis measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).