A stub tuner includes a first conductor, and a rod-shaped conductor shaft. The first conductor is inserted into a tube axial direction inner side from an opening in a waveguide tube transmitting high frequency waves. The first conductor includes a plate-shaped first shape extending in a direction intersecting a tube axial direction, inside the waveguide tube, and a plate-shaped second shape extending from the outer end in the tube radial direction of the first shape toward the tube axial direction outer side in the tube axial direction. An outer circumferential surface of the second shape is separated from an inner surface of the waveguide tube. An electrical length of the outer circumferential surface in the tube axial direction is ¼ of a wavelength of the high-frequency waves. The conductor shaft is electrically connected to the waveguide tube, supports the first conductor, and extends in the tube axial direction.

A two-port tunable or reconfigurable network having a filter transfer function may include: a network input port; a network output port; a hybrid coupler having a hybrid input port, a hybrid isolated port, a hybrid through port, and a hybrid coupled port; a first internal two-port network connected between the network input port and the hybrid input port; a second internal two-port network connected between the network output port and the hybrid isolated port; and a third internal two-port network connected between the hybrid through port and the hybrid coupled port. At least one of the first internal two-port network, the second internal two-port network, the third internal two-port network, and the hybrid coupler may be tunable or reconfigurable in response to an electrical signal or a user-operated control in a way that tunes or reconfigures the filter transfer function of the two-port tunable or reconfigurable network. A two-port tunable or reconfigurable network having a filter transfer function may include: a network input port; a network output port; a hybrid coupler having a hybrid input port, a hybrid isolated port, a hybrid through port, and a hybrid coupled port; a first load; a second load; a first internal two-port network connected between the between the first load and the hybrid through port; and a second internal two-port network connected between the between the second load and the hybrid coupled port. At least one of the first internal two-port network, the second internal two-port network, the hybrid coupler, the first load, and the second load may be tunable or reconfigurable in response to an electrical signal or a user-operated control in a way that tunes or reconfigures the filter transfer function of the two-port tunable or reconfigurable network.

This document describes techniques, apparatuses, and systems utilizing a high-isolation transition design for differential signal ports. A differential input transition structure includes a first layer and a second layer made of a conductive metal and a substrate positioned between the first and second layers. The second layer includes a first section that electrically connects to a single-ended signal contact point and to a first contact point of a differential signal port. The first section includes a first stub based on an input impedance of the single-ended signal contact point and a second stub based on a differential input impedance associated with the differential signal port. The second layer includes a second section that electrically connects to a second contact point of the differential signal port and to the first layer through a via housed in a pad. The second section includes a third stub associated with the differential input impedance.

This document describes techniques, apparatuses, and systems utilizing a high-isolation transition design for differential signal ports. A differential input transition structure includes a first layer and a second layer made of a conductive metal and a substrate positioned between the first and second layers. The second layer includes a first section that electrically connects to a single-ended signal contact point and to a first contact point of a differential signal port. The first section includes a first stub based on an input impedance of the single-ended signal contact point and a second stub based on a differential input impedance associated with the differential signal port. The second layer includes a second section that electrically connects to a second contact point of the differential signal port and to the first layer through a via housed in a pad. The second section includes a third stub associated with the differential input impedance.

The disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). According to an embodiment of the disclosure, an antenna structure of a wireless communication system may include: at least one antenna element including at least one antenna, a power divider configured to feed the at least one antenna element, and a substrate, the at least one antenna element and the power divider may be disposed on the substrate, and, the substrate may include a first dielectric layer having an air layer in a region corresponding to a first region in which the power divider is disposed on the substrate, and a second dielectric layer disposed between the first dielectric layer and the power divider.

Provided are a printed circuit board configured to achieve reduction in impedance of a differential transmission line extending in a stacking direction, and an optical module. The printed circuit board includes a stacking-direction differential transmission line extending in the stacking direction, including: a differential signal via pair including a first signal via and a second signal via; and a plurality of conductor plate pairs each including a first conductor plate expanding outward from the first signal via, and a second conductor plate expanding outward from the second signal via. With respect to a perpendicular bisector of a center-of-gravity line segment connecting centers of gravity of the first and second signal vias, in each of the plurality of conductor plate pairs, centers of gravity of contours of the first and second conductor plates are located on inner sides of the centers of gravity.

The present disclosure relates to a linkage mechanism for a phase shifter assembly, comprising a rotation device having a rotation shaft fixed to a substrate of the phase shifter assembly and a rotation member configured to rotate about said rotation shaft; a first drive member which can be operatively engaged to the rotation member such that rotation of the rotation member can cause movement of the first drive member; a second drive member disposed on and moving together with the rotation member; and a translation device including a translation member which can be operatively engaged to the second drive member such that movement of the second drive member can cause movement of the translation member, wherein the rotation device and the translation device are configured to move in association with each other during operation of the phase shifter assembly. The present disclosure also relates to a phase shifter assembly including the above-mentioned linkage mechanism.

The present disclosure relates to a linkage mechanism for a phase shifter assembly, comprising a rotation device having a rotation shaft fixed to a substrate of the phase shifter assembly and a rotation member configured to rotate about said rotation shaft; a first drive member which can be operatively engaged to the rotation member such that rotation of the rotation member can cause movement of the first drive member; a second drive member disposed on and moving together with the rotation member; and a translation device including a translation member which can be operatively engaged to the second drive member such that movement of the second drive member can cause movement of the translation member, wherein the rotation device and the translation device are configured to move in association with each other during operation of the phase shifter assembly. The present disclosure also relates to a phase shifter assembly including the above-mentioned linkage mechanism.

An electromagnetic coupler includes a dielectric layer with a first transmission line connecting an input port to an output port. A second transmission line on another surface of the dielectric layer forms a coupled port and an isolation port. The electromagnetic coupler provides a coupled signal at the coupled port, which is representative of an input signal at the input port. The amplitude of the coupled signal is related to the amplitude of the input signal by a coupling factor. A tuning element on the dielectric layer is configured to stabilize the coupling factor over a range of variations in thickness of the dielectric layer.

An electromagnetic coupler includes a dielectric layer with a first transmission line connecting an input port to an output port. A second transmission line on another surface of the dielectric layer forms a coupled port and an isolation port. The electromagnetic coupler provides a coupled signal at the coupled port, which is representative of an input signal at the input port. The amplitude of the coupled signal is related to the amplitude of the input signal by a coupling factor. A tuning element on the dielectric layer is configured to stabilize the coupling factor over a range of variations in thickness of the dielectric layer.