An antenna housing for mounting on a vehicle or on a vehicle roof surface includes an electrical circuit including at least one source element for emitting luminescent radiation, the at least one source element being located internally within the housing so as not to be visible externally, an indicating element for releasing luminescent radiation received from the at least one source element for viewing externally, and an optical conduit for providing an optical couple between the at least one source element and the indicating element. A combined antenna and indicator module for mounting on a vehicle includes the antenna housing, and a vehicle includes the combined antenna and indicator module.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

The invention relates to an antenna mast of a cellular mobile telephone network; comprising one or a plurality of mobile radio antennas to form an air interface of the mobile telephone network for mobile telephones located in the surroundings. The invention also relates to a method for the provision of flight data of aircraft, to a computer program for carrying out such a method and to a corresponding installation for the provision of flight data of aircraft.

The invention relates to an antenna mast of a cellular mobile telephone network; comprising one or a plurality of mobile radio antennas to form an air interface of the mobile telephone network for mobile telephones located in the surroundings. The invention also relates to a method for the provision of flight data of aircraft, to a computer program for carrying out such a method and to a corresponding installation for the provision of flight data of aircraft.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

An assembly includes: (a) a housing comprising a floor, a ceiling, a rear wail, a front wall, and opposed side walls that define a cavity, wherein the side walls include illuminable informational markings; (b) an antenna; (c) a radio residing in the cavity of the housing connected with the antenna; and (d) a power source attached to the radio;
wherein the power source is employed to illuminate the informational markings.

An assembly includes: (a) a housing comprising a floor, a ceiling, a rear wail, a front wall, and opposed side walls that define a cavity, wherein the side walls include illuminable informational markings; (b) an antenna; (c) a radio residing in the cavity of the housing connected with the antenna; and (d) a power source attached to the radio;
wherein the power source is employed to illuminate the informational markings.

An electronic modulating device is provided. The electronic modulating device includes a substrate, a plurality of first modulating electrodes disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of second modulating electrodes disposed on the substrate. The area of one of the first modulating electrodes is greater than the area of one of the second modulating electrodes. The ratio of the number of first modulating electrodes to the number of second modulating electrodes is in a range from 0.5 to 2.0.