A sensor may include a bladder, and a deformable conductor disposed on the bladder such that deformation of the bladder causes deformation of the deformable conductor, wherein the bladder is constrained so as to enhance the deformation of the conductor in response to the deformation of the bladder. A method may include applying a stimulus to a bladder having a deformable conductor attached thereto, detecting a change in an electrical characteristic associated with the deformable conductor in response to the stimulus, and selectively constraining the bladder to amplify the change in electrical characteristic in response to the stimulus.

An antenna structure is provided, which includes a substrate, a horizontal radiator and a vertical radiator. The horizontal radiator is on or in the substrate. The vertical radiator is in the substrate and includes a vertical conductor, planar metal structures and a switch. The planar metal structures are electrically connected through the vertical connector. The switch is in a gap of the planar metal structures and is coupled to at least one of the planar metal structures for switching a current distribution of the vertical radiator.

Techniques are provided for fabricating a low profile antenna that operates with increased efficiency. An antenna implementing the techniques according to an embodiment includes a first arm comprising a first spiral portion and a first rectilinear portion, and a second arm comprising a second spiral portion and a second rectilinear portion. The second spiral portion is concentric with the first spiral portion. The antenna further includes an insulator to separate the arms. The insulator and the arms are planar surfaces disposed within a rectangular region. The first rectilinear portion is adjacent to a first and second side of the perimeter of the rectangular region, and the second rectilinear portion is adjacent to a third and fourth side of the perimeter of the region. The antenna is fabricated as a printed circuit board which is mounted on the fuselage of an aircraft, which serves as a ground plane for the antenna.

A dual-use spring attached to a small satellite that performs two common functions for small satellites including operating as a communications antenna for the small satellite, which eliminates the need for a separate antenna deployment step, and ejecting the small satellite from a modified deployment container mounted on a launch vehicle. The deployment container is modified by removing a conventional deployment spring and pusher plate, which increases available container space.

A dual-use spring attached to a small satellite that performs two common functions for small satellites including operating as a communications antenna for the small satellite, which eliminates the need for a separate antenna deployment step, and ejecting the small satellite from a modified deployment container mounted on a launch vehicle. The deployment container is modified by removing a conventional deployment spring and pusher plate, which increases available container space.

A MIMO communication system is provided. The system may include a first antenna comprising a first cavity, a first plurality of RF ports for generating a feed wave within the first cavity, and a first plurality of sub-wavelength artificially structured material elements as arranged on a surface of the first cavity as RF radiators. The first antenna is configured to generate a plurality of radiation patterns respectively corresponding to the first plurality of ports. The system may also include a second antenna comprising a second cavity and a second plurality of sub-wavelength artificially structured material elements arranged on a surface of the second cavity.

In example implementations, an enclosure is provided. The enclosure includes a first layer of carbon fiber and a second layer of a carbon fiber pattern fabricated from a plastic. The first layer of carbon fiber is formed in a shape of a portable electronic device. An antenna window is formed in the first layer of the carbon fiber. The second layer of the carbon fiber pattern has a same shape and a same size as the first layer of carbon fiber.

According to one embodiment, disclosed is an antenna comprising: a first waveguide having a first signal transmission path; a second waveguide connected to the first waveguide; and an antenna unit connected to the second waveguide and having a first opening, wherein the second waveguide comprises a first separator for separating the signal transmission path, and the antenna unit comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

According to one embodiment, disclosed is an antenna comprising: a first waveguide having a first signal transmission path; a second waveguide connected to the first waveguide; and an antenna unit connected to the second waveguide and having a first opening, wherein the second waveguide comprises a first separator for separating the signal transmission path, and the antenna unit comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

The present invention discloses a printed circuit board (PCB). The printed circuit board includes a plurality of layers, a first antenna, a second antenna, a third antenna and an isolator. The first antenna is arranged on a first layer of the layers. The second antenna is arranged on the first layer. The isolator is arranged on the first layer and located between the first antenna and the second antenna. The third antenna is arranged on a second layer of the layers, wherein the second layer is different from the first layer. A position of the third antenna overlaps a position of the isolator in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the printed circuit board.