An antenna apparatus for use in a wireless network and method of operating such an antenna apparatus are provided. A wireless network controller provides a configuration of such an antenna apparatus, a method of operating such a wireless network controller, and a resulting wireless network. The antenna apparatus comprises a directional antenna and a uniform circular antenna array. The directional antenna can be rotatably positioned about an axis with respect to a fixed mounting portion of the apparatus in dependence on wireless signals received by the antenna array. The antenna array allows the antenna apparatus to receive wireless signals isotropically and thus to accurately monitor the wireless signal environment in which it finds itself. The antenna apparatus can thus monitor and characterize incoming signals, both from external interference sources and from other network nodes, and the directional antenna can then be positioned in rotation to improve the network throughput.

An antenna apparatus for use in a wireless network and method of operating such an antenna apparatus are provided. A wireless network controller provides a configuration of such an antenna apparatus, a method of operating such a wireless network controller, and a resulting wireless network. The antenna apparatus comprises a directional antenna and a uniform circular antenna array. The directional antenna can be rotatably positioned about an axis with respect to a fixed mounting portion of the apparatus in dependence on wireless signals received by the antenna array. The antenna array allows the antenna apparatus to receive wireless signals isotropically and thus to accurately monitor the wireless signal environment in which it finds itself. The antenna apparatus can thus monitor and characterize incoming signals, both from external interference sources and from other network nodes, and the directional antenna can then be positioned in rotation to improve the network throughput.

An antenna arrangement for LOS-MIMO communication, comprising first and second directive antenna units, a mounting bracket, and a connecting element attached to at least one of the directive antenna units and arranged to separate the directive antenna units by a distance. The connecting element is rotatably arranged in relation to the mounting bracket, wherein a rotation of the connecting element about the rotation axis changes an effective distance d between the first and the second directive antenna units.

A switchable radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag device comprising: a first RFID module positioned on a first plane; at least one un-tuned antenna section positioned on a second plane, wherein the first plane is positioned parallel to the second plane; a second RFID module positioned on the first plane; a third RFID module positioned on the first plane; and a sliding mechanism configured to move between a first position, a second position, and a third position; and wherein, in the first position, the first RFID module is coupled to the at least one un-tuned antenna section to form a tuned RFID tag, and the second and third RFID modules are detuned and/or inoperable; and in the second position, the second RFID module is coupled to the at least one un-tuned antenna section to form a tuned RFID tag, and the first RFID module and third RFID module are detuned and/or inoperable; and in the third position, the third RFID module is coupled to the at least one un-tuned antenna section to form a tuned RFID tag, and the first and second RFID modules are detuned and/or inoperable.

There is provided a node for use in a network, the node comprising: communication circuitry to communicate with a management server. Bootstrap circuitry initially identifies an intermediate node from at least one available node in the network in response to the communication circuitry being unable to communicate with the management server directly. The communication circuitry is arranged to communicate with the management server indirectly via the intermediate node when unable to communicate with the management server directly. Role assignment circuitry assigns a role to be performed by the node in the network based on whether the communication circuitry communicates with the management server directly, or indirectly via an intermediate node.

There is provided a node for use in a network, the node comprising: communication circuitry to communicate with a management server. Bootstrap circuitry initially identifies an intermediate node from at least one available node in the network in response to the communication circuitry being unable to communicate with the management server directly. The communication circuitry is arranged to communicate with the management server indirectly via the intermediate node when unable to communicate with the management server directly. Role assignment circuitry assigns a role to be performed by the node in the network based on whether the communication circuitry communicates with the management server directly, or indirectly via an intermediate node.

A parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna that comprises two or more antenna feeds each directed towards a parabolic cylindrical reflector, wherein the antenna feeds are positioned in one or more line-arrays parallel to a focal line of the parabolic cylindrical reflector, and the line-array is substantially centered opposing the reflector. The antenna comprises a controller configured to scan along a straight edge of the reflector by electronically adjusting a phase of each of the antenna feeds, thereby changing the incident angle of an energy beam relative to the reflector. The controller is configured to scan along a curved edge of the reflector by moving, using a mechanical positioning mechanism, the antenna feeds in a direction parallel to a directrix of the reflector while maintaining the positioning or by electronically selecting one of two or more parallel line-arrays.

A parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna that comprises two or more antenna feeds each directed towards a parabolic cylindrical reflector, wherein the antenna feeds are positioned in one or more line-arrays parallel to a focal line of the parabolic cylindrical reflector, and the line-array is substantially centered opposing the reflector. The antenna comprises a controller configured to scan along a straight edge of the reflector by electronically adjusting a phase of each of the antenna feeds, thereby changing the incident angle of an energy beam relative to the reflector. The controller is configured to scan along a curved edge of the reflector by moving, using a mechanical positioning mechanism, the antenna feeds in a direction parallel to a directrix of the reflector while maintaining the positioning or by electronically selecting one of two or more parallel line-arrays.

Provided is a wave energy radiating apparatus capable of downsizing with a simple structure. The wave energy radiating apparatus includes a radiation-direction changing and maintaining unit including a linear-movement generator (8, 10) where wave energy is radiated, and is configured to generate power required to change a direction of radiation of the wave energy radiating unit (2) linearly along the wave energy radiating unit (2), a direction changer (13) configured to change a direction of the power generated by the linear-movement generator (8, 10) toward the wave energy radiating unit (2) to turn the wave energy radiating unit (2), and a force applying member (9) configured to apply a force to the wave energy radiating unit (2) in a direction against the turning of the wave energy radiating unit (2), which is caused by the power.

Provided is a wave energy radiating apparatus capable of downsizing with a simple structure. The wave energy radiating apparatus includes a radiation-direction changing and maintaining unit including a linear-movement generator (8, 10) where wave energy is radiated, and is configured to generate power required to change a direction of radiation of the wave energy radiating unit (2) linearly along the wave energy radiating unit (2), a direction changer (13) configured to change a direction of the power generated by the linear-movement generator (8, 10) toward the wave energy radiating unit (2) to turn the wave energy radiating unit (2), and a force applying member (9) configured to apply a force to the wave energy radiating unit (2) in a direction against the turning of the wave energy radiating unit (2), which is caused by the power.