There is provided an antenna arrangement having unequally many physical antenna elements for transmission and reception. The antenna arrangement comprises physical antenna elements. All physical antenna elements are configured for signal reception but less than all of the physical antenna elements are configured for both signal transmission and signal reception. A first portion of those physical antenna elements configured for both signal transmission and signal reception and a second portion of those physical antenna elements configured for both signal transmission and signal reception are in the antenna arrangement placed to, during operation of the antenna arrangement, be vertically separated by physical antenna elements configured for only signal reception.

The phased array antenna system is described. The phased array antenna system formed on one or more layers of a printed circuit board (PCB). The phased array antenna system be may include a beam forming network to convert between one or more element signals and a beam signal. The phased array antenna system may include one or more control circuits, where each control circuit may receive the element signals for corresponding antenna element. Each of the control circuits may further may establish a control signal path and an element signal path between the antenna elements and the beamforming network, where the signal path may carry multiplexed element and control signals. The control circuits may include a signal adjustment circuit that may adjust the corresponding element signal (e.g., in phase or amplitude) based on the control signal.

A radio frequency (RF) beam transmission component having optical inputs and electrical outputs may include a wavelength selective switch (WSS) that has a plurality of optical WSS outputs. Each optical WSS output may be configured to transmit one or more wavelengths of the incoming optical signals. The RF beam transmission component may include a plurality of photodetectors (PD), each photodetector having an optical PD input coupled to one or more of said plurality of optical WSS outputs and a corresponding electrical output of a plurality of PD electrical outputs. The RF beam transmission component may further include a lens that has a plurality of electrical inputs and each electrical input may be electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of electrical PD outputs. The lens may further have a plurality of electrical lens output ports.

A coupling device includes a plurality of couplers, a first coupled output port and a second coupled output port, wherein the plurality of couplers comprise a first coupler and a second coupler that are adjacent one another, and each of the first coupler and the second coupler comprises a main line and a subline, and for each of the first coupler and the second coupler: the subline includes a first section, a second section, and a third section, wherein the second section of the subline of the first coupler has a common segment with the first section of the subline of the second coupler.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, and a feeding unit. The first antenna unit includes a first phase shifting structure, wherein the first phase shifting structure includes a first pattern. The second antenna unit includes a second phase shifting structure, wherein the second phase shifting structure includes a second pattern. The feeding unit is coupled to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, wherein the first pattern is different from the second pattern.

An antenna apparatus includes a first component layer having a plurality of RFICs arranged in a first lattice geometry (e.g., rectangular), where each RFIC comprises beamforming circuitry. A second, parallel component layer overlays the first component layer and includes a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a second, different lattice geometry (e.g., triangular). The antenna elements have respective feed points each coupled to an input/output (I/O) pad of an RFIC. Each I/O pad is aligned with the feed point coupled thereto along an axis orthogonal to the first and second layers.

The present invention provides an antenna module for a massive MIMO antenna, the antenna module comprising a plurality of first signal ports, a number of first antenna elements arranged in a first matrix arrangement, wherein a number of rows of the first matrix arrangement and/or a number of columns of the first matrix arrangement equals the number of first signal ports, and a switching matrix that is configured to controllably couple each of the first signal ports either with all first antenna elements of a respective row of the first matrix arrangement or all first antenna elements of a respective column of the first matrix arrangement. Further, the present invention provides a respective massive MIMO antenna.

A microwave beam-forming antenna may include: a main reflector installed on one surface of an antenna body; an array feed horn installed on a center portion of the main reflector; a sub-reflector disposed to be spaced apart from the array feed horn on the main reflector; and a plurality of waveguide feeds respectively connected to a plurality of horn antennas arranged in the array feed horn.

An electromagnetic device includes: an electrically conductive ground structure; at least one dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) disposed on the ground structure; at least one electromagnetic (EM) beam shaper disposed proximate a corresponding one of the DRA; and, at least one signal feed disposed electromagnetically coupled to a corresponding one of the DRA. The at least one EM beam shaper having: an electrically conductive horn; a body of dielectric material having a dielectric constant that varies across the body of dielectric material in a specific direction; or, both the electrically conductive horn and the body of dielectric material.

An antenna module of a wireless communication system is provided. The antenna module includes a radiator comprising a top face to which a radio wave is radiated, a dielectric material disposed on a bottom face of the radiator, the bottom face of the radiator being opposite to the top face of the radiator, a feeding unit disposed on a bottom face of the dielectric material, the feeding unit being configured to supply an electric signal to the radiator through the dielectric material, and a support unit disposed on the bottom face of the dielectric material, the support unit comprising a metallic material.