Methods and apparatus for providing a generic beamforming system. A first beamforming level can process digitized array data to form subarrays and output subarray data for the formed subarrays. A second beamforming level can process the subarray data to form beams and output beamforming data for a plurality of modules. A third beamforming level can process the beamforming data to process the beamforming data and generate formed beams for the array.

A device comprises an integrated circuit (IC) die, a substrate, a printed circuit board (PCB), an antenna, and a waveguide stub. The IC die is affixed to the substrate, which comprises a signal launch on a surface of the substrate that is configured to emit or receive a signal. The substrate and the antenna are affixed to the PCB, such that the signal launch and a waveguide opening of the antenna are aligned and comprise a signal channel. The waveguide stub is arranged as a boundary around the signal channel. In some implementations, the waveguide stub has a height of λ/4, where λ represents a wavelength of the signal. In some implementations, the antenna includes the waveguide stub; in others, the substrate includes the waveguide stub.

A directive direction finding apparatus may comprise: a directivity-enabled antenna array in which a constituent antenna or antenna subarray has directivity in the same direction; an RF/IF receiver connected to the directivity-enabled antenna array; a digital receiver connected to the RF/IF receiver; a direction finder connected to the digital receiver; a directivity control unit to control an operation of the directivity-enabled antenna array; and a transport/control interface connected to the direction finder and to manage control and operation of the directivity-enabled antenna array, the RF/IF receiver, the digital receiver, the direction finder and the directive control unit.

An electronic device of various embodiments of the present disclosure may include: a display, a side bezel including at least one conductive portion, and a printed circuit board disposed inside the side bezel. The printed circuit board may include an interposer, and a first printed circuit board and a second printed circuit board electrically connected through the interposer. The first printed circuit board may include a first fill-cut area, and the second printed circuit board may include a second fill-cut area corresponding to the first fill-cut area, and a ground or feeding unit comprising a conductive feed of an antenna using the conductive portion may be disposed in the first fill-cut area or the second fill-cut area.

For example, an apparatus may include a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) including a Ball Grid Array (BGA) on a first side of the PCB, the BGA configured to connect a Surface Mounted Device (SMD) to the PCB; an antenna disposed on a second side of the PCB opposite to the first side, the antenna to communicate a Radio Frequency (RF) signal of the SMD; and an RF transition to transit the RF signal between the BGA and the antenna, the RF transition including a plurality of signal buried-vias; a first plurality of microvias configured to transit the RF signal between the plurality of signal buried-vias and a ball of the BGA, the first plurality of microvias are rotationally misaligned with respect to the plurality of signal buried-vias; and a second plurality of microvias configured to transit the RF signal between the plurality of signal buried-vias and the antenna.

Disclosed herein is a phased array antenna system that includes: a first array of antenna elements having a first and second antenna element; a second array of antenna elements having a third and fourth antenna element; a beamforming integrated circuit (IC) coupled to the first and second arrays; and a set of transmission lines coupling the beamforming IC to the first and second arrays. The first and second arrays are parallel to and facing in opposite directions of each other. The set of transmission lines is configured to delay radio frequency (RF) signals from the beamforming IC to first and third antenna elements.

Antenna arrays comprising planar combiner networks. An apparatus includes a first antenna component comprising a first multiplexer and a second antenna component comprising a second multiplexer. The apparatus is such that the first antenna component is located next to the second antenna component within an antenna array and the apparatus is disposed within a lattice spacing of the antenna array.

A radar sensor. The radar sensor includes a high-frequency component situated on a circuit board and a waveguide structure, which is connected via a coupling structure to the high-frequency component. The waveguide structure is formed in a mold, which is injection molded to a part of the circuit board supporting the high-frequency component.

An antenna feed for a stackable antenna system includes a polarization converter that continuously surrounds an omnidirectional antenna. Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the omnidirectional antenna and having an initial polarization passes through the first polarization converter, which converts the initial polarization into a non-vertical linear polarization. A feedline located outside of the first polarization converter forms a helix that wraps around the first polarization converter such that it runs perpendicularly to the non-vertical linear polarization. When the width of the feedline is sufficiently small, electrons in metal of the feedline will not be excited by the radiation, and the radiation will transmit through the feedline with minimal impact on the omnidirectional antenna's gain profile. The feedline may be used to feed a second antenna located vertically above the omnidirectional antenna. When the first polarization converter outputs horizontally polarized radiation, the feedline may form a straight vertical line.

According to one embodiment, disclosed is an antenna comprising: a first waveguide having a first signal transmission path; a second waveguide connected to the first waveguide; and an antenna unit connected to the second waveguide and having a first opening, wherein the second waveguide comprises a first separator for separating the signal transmission path, and the antenna unit comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.