Acoustically mediated spintronic THz emitters based on a stacked, multilayered heterostructure that includes a light-to-acoustic transducer layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a magnetic layer are provided. In the emitters, fast acoustic pulses give rise to long-distance propagation of THz exchange spin waves in a magnetic film. Also provided are THz time-domain spectrometers (THz-TDSs) that incorporate the THz emitters.

Acoustically mediated spintronic THz emitters based on a stacked, multilayered heterostructure that includes a light-to-acoustic transducer layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a magnetic layer are provided. In the emitters, fast acoustic pulses give rise to long-distance propagation of THz exchange spin waves in a magnetic film. Also provided are THz time-domain spectrometers (THz-TDSs) that incorporate the THz emitters.

The present disclosure provides a method for producing a laminate for non-linear optics.

The present invention relates to (1) a MASER (microwave or molecular amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) that can operate effectively in environments as warm as (but not limited to) typical room temperature and pressure, comprised of (i) pump to provide energy through electricity or electromagnetic waves, (ii) a resonator cavity, (iii) an output coupler, (iv) supporting structural material, and (v) a gain medium of guest and host molecules selected and configured so as to allow for emission in desired frequencies such as those widely recognized for wireless communication (between 3 MHz and 300 GHz) and those desired for wireless power transmission (including but not limited to 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz); along with (3) a method for absorbing energy such as (but not limited to) harnessing ambient light (including but not limited to solar radiation) and storing such light for purposes of generating a sufficient charge to provide a pump source for the MASER; (4) a method for adjusting the value of the energy gap between the lowest and highest triplet sublevels of the gain medium at will so as to allow for rapid frequency tuning as desired; (5) a method of re-pumping excitons from the lower triplet sublevel to a higher energy level; along with (6) a method of collimating and focusing energy output as parallel electromagnetic waves; plus (7) a method for steering waves in desired directions; and (8) a method for enabling two or more devices to exchange information including but not limited to geographic coordinates, angle of orientation, velocity, acceleration, yaw, pitch, and roll, in order to directly and efficiently exchange electromagnetic waves.

The present invention relates to (1) a MASER (microwave or molecular amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) that can operate effectively in environments as warm as (but not limited to) typical room temperature and pressure, comprised of (i) pump to provide energy through electricity or electromagnetic waves, (ii) a resonator cavity, (iii) an output coupler, (iv) supporting structural material, and (v) a gain medium of guest and host molecules selected and configured so as to allow for emission in desired frequencies such as those widely recognized for wireless communication (between 3 MHz and 300 GHz) and those desired for wireless power transmission (including but not limited to 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz); along with (3) a method for absorbing energy such as (but not limited to) harnessing ambient light (including but not limited to solar radiation) and storing such light for purposes of generating a sufficient charge to provide a pump source for the MASER; (4) a method for adjusting the value of the energy gap between the lowest and highest triplet sublevels of the gain medium at will so as to allow for rapid frequency tuning as desired; (5) a method of re-pumping excitons from the lower triplet sublevel to a higher energy level; along with (6) a method of collimating and focusing energy output as parallel electromagnetic waves; plus (7) a method for steering waves in desired directions; and (8) a method for enabling two or more devices to exchange information including but not limited to geographic coordinates, angle of orientation, velocity, acceleration, yaw, pitch, and roll, in order to directly and efficiently exchange electromagnetic waves.

A microwave device comprises: a cavity containing a crystal having paramagnetic defects, and being responsive to light; a magnetic field source for applying magnetic field to the cavity and the crystal; and a light source for generating a pump light beam directed to the crystal and having a frequency selected to induce inversion of spin energy levels of the crystal.

Embodiments of the microwave amplification system are described. In an embodiment, a microwave amplification system includes a microwave amplifier that contains a paramagnetic material with an impurity. The impurity has a plurality of nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system includes an input to receive a pumping signal which is transmitted to the microwave amplifier to cause a population inversion in the impurity and excite it to one of the nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system further includes another input to receive an input signal to be amplified by the microwave amplifier, the input signal having a lower power than the pumping signal. Once transmitted to the microwave amplifier, the input signal is amplified by the excited state of the impurity in the microwave amplifier thereby generating an amplified signal.

Embodiments of the microwave amplification system are described. In an embodiment, a microwave amplification system includes a microwave amplifier that contains a paramagnetic material with an impurity. The impurity has a plurality of nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system includes an input to receive a pumping signal which is transmitted to the microwave amplifier to cause a population inversion in the impurity and excite it to one of the nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system further includes another input to receive an input signal to be amplified by the microwave amplifier, the input signal having a lower power than the pumping signal. Once transmitted to the microwave amplifier, the input signal is amplified by the excited state of the impurity in the microwave amplifier thereby generating an amplified signal.

Low power MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) radiation is used to non-invasively record molecular activity in a biological object such as a brain. Low power MASER radiation is also used to neuromodulate molecular targets via Rabi coupling, resulting for example in conformational and function change in specific molecular targets such as ligand-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ion channels, G-proteins, or dopamine receptors. The method can be used to change the energy state of targeted molecules via energization or enervation, or to ablate targeted molecules.

Low power MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) radiation is used to non-invasively record molecular activity in a biological object such as a brain. Low power MASER radiation is also used to neuromodulate molecular targets via Rabi coupling, resulting for example in conformational and function change in specific molecular targets such as ligand-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ion channels, G-proteins, or dopamine receptors. The method can be used to change the energy state of targeted molecules via energization or enervation, or to ablate targeted molecules.