A composition including magnetic nanoparticles for use in the treatment of a tissue volume including pathological cells in an individual, wherein a portion only of the tissue volume is occupied by the magnetic nanoparticles upon administration of the composition to the individual and the magnetic nanoparticles are excited by radiation.

Disclosed is a composition including magnetic nanoparticles for use in the treatment of a tissue volume including pathological cells in an individual, wherein a portion only of the tissue volume is occupied by the magnetic nanoparticles upon administration of the composition to the individual and the magnetic nanoparticles are excited by radiations.

Provided is a radioactive microsphere including glass having a structure represented by a formula Ca.sub.3Si.sub.2O.sub.7 and yttrium oxide contained in the glass. The radioactive microsphere has sphericity of from 0.71 to 1, and is radioactive after being activated by neutron irradiation. A method for preparing a radioactive microsphere and a radioactive filler composition is further provided. The present disclosure can be used to treat tumor by delivering radioactive microspheres to the target tissue, and then radioactive microspheres are activated by neutrons to generate radiation. The radioactivity of microspheres disappears over time, and the microspheres were dissolved and absorbed by the bone tissue in the end.

The present invention provides a fluorescent silica-based nanoparticle that allows for precise detection, characterization, monitoring and treatment of a disease such as cancer. The nanoparticle has a range of diameters including between about 0.1 nm and about 100 nm, between about 0.5 nm and about 50 nm, between about 1 nm and about 25 nm, between about 1 nm and about 15 nm, or between about 1 nm and about 8 nm. The nanoparticle has a fluorescent compound positioned within the nanoparticle, and has greater brightness and fluorescent quantum yield than the free fluorescent compound. The nanoparticle also exhibits high biostability and biocompatibility. To facilitate efficient urinary excretion of the nanoparticle, it may be coated with an organic polymer, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The small size of the nanoparticle, the silica base and the organic polymer coating minimizes the toxicity of the nanoparticle when administered in vivo. In order to target a specific cell type, the nanoparticle may further be conjugated to a ligand, which is capable of binding to a cellular component associated with the specific cell type, such as a tumor marker. In one embodiment, a therapeutic agent may be attached to the nanoparticle. To permit the nanoparticle to be detectable by not only optical fluorescence imaging, but also other imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computerized tomography (CT), bioluminescence imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radionuclides/radiometals or paramagnetic ions may be conjugated to the nanoparticle.

Provided is a radioactive microsphere including a glass sphere core. The glass sphere core includes a first seed, a second seed and a diffusion region extending inwardly from an outer surface of the glass sphere core, with the second seed distributed in the diffusion region. The first seed and the second seed become radioactive after being activated by neutrons to produce radiations including -rays or -rays, or simultaneously -rays and -rays. A preparation method of a radioactive microsphere is also provided.

A method for synthesis and purification of radiolabeled macroaggregated human serum albumin (MAA) to form a bulk solution injectable to a patient includes: providing a radiometal in a generator, the radiometal being a generator eluate; synthesizing the radiolabeled MAA in a reactor with MAA particles from a commercially available labeling kit for 99mTc and the generator eluate so as to provide synthesized radiolabeled MAA particles; passing the synthesized radiolabeled MAA particles on a syringe filter membrane having a membrane composition, diameter, and pore size for trapping the radiolabeled MAA particles as trapped radiolabeled MAA particles and not retaining impurities from a bulk solution, the impurities including free radioactive metal isotopes, parent radioactive metal breakthrough, and stannous chloride present in the MAA labeling kit for 99mTc; and untrapping the trapped radiolabeled MAA particles from the syringe filter using a saline or buffered solution passing through the syringe filter.

Methods and systems for selection of dosimetry levels and sphere amounts of radioactive compounds for use in a radioembolization procedure for procedure planning may include inputting activity parameter information into a dosimetry portal of a dosimetry selection tool; determining a customized activity based on the activity parameter information and one or more customized activity algorithms; generating one or more sphere amount and dosage recommendations based on the customized activity and one or more dosimetry selection algorithms; selecting one of the one or more sphere amount and dosage recommendations as a selected sphere amount and dosage recommendation; and generating a radioactive compound order for the radioembolization procedure based on the customized activity and the selected sphere amount and dosage recommendation.

Microspheres made of solid glass are used in radiation therapy, wherein the radiotherapeutic radionuclide must be generated in the glass by neutron activation. Microspheres of this type have a high radioactive load, are relatively heavy and contain additional non-therapeutic radionuclides. Additionally, radioactive microspheres made of plastic are used, which can be loaded with radionuclides by chemical means. These microspheres have a lower loading capacity, no additional radionuclides, and are lighter. The therapeutic radionuclide in both cases is Y-90. Microspheres made of nanoporous glass contain the therapeutic radionuclide, have a high loading capacity, require no neutron activation, can be parallel charged with multiple therapeutic and with diagnostic radionuclides, and are very light. It is possible to produce them in a radiochemical laboratory. Microspheres of this type can also be used diagnostically in preparation for therapy. For this purpose, they can be provided in a therapeutically or diagnostically specified quantity and radioactivity.

The invention relates to a particulate material having a diameter in the range of from 5 to 200 microns comprising polymeric matrix stably incorporated radionuclide, processes for its production and method of radiation therapy utilising the particulate material.

In the present disclosure, embodiments of dual-stage syringes are disclosed along with delivery systems incorporating the dual-stage syringes. Embodiments of the dual-stage syringes described herein include sleeved dual-stage syringes, turn-key dual-stage syringes and dual-stage syringes including one or more one-way valves.