An electronic system for a surgical instrument is disclosed. The electronic system comprises a main power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a primary circuit. A supplementary power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a secondary circuit. A short circuit protection circuit coupled between the main power supply circuit and the supplementary power supply circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to isolate itself from the main power supply circuit when the supplementary power supply circuit detects a short circuit condition at the secondary circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to rejoin the main power supply circuit and supply power to the secondary circuit, when the short circuit condition is remedied.

A reverse polarity protection device includes a protection unit, a detection unit, and a control unit electrically connected between a power supply device and a load device. The detection unit is electrically connected to the power supply device for detecting the polarity of an output signal of the power supply device, and the control unit is electrically connected to the detection unit and the protection unit. The detection unit outputs a detection signal to the control unit according to a detection result of the polarity of the output signal. If the detection signal shows that the polarity of the output signal is reverse, the control unit will control the protection unit to form an open circuit between the power supply device and load device to stop transmitting the output signal of the power supply device to the load device and achieve a reverse polarity protection effect of the load device.

A power supply device (100) and a display device (200). The power supply device (100) comprises a drive unit (10), a power source unit (20) and a protection unit (30); the drive unit is configured to drive the display device (200); the power source unit (20) is electrically connected to the drive unit (10); the power source unit (20) is configured to provide electric energy; the protection unit (30) is electrically connected between the drive unit (10) and the power source unit (20); and the protection unit (30) is configured to prevent current recharge.

A voltage converting circuit and a control circuit thereof are provided. The control circuit includes a comparator, a clock generator, and a boost circuit. The comparator compares an input voltage with an output voltage to generate a comparison signal. The clock generator generates a clock signal according to the comparison signal to enable the clock signal to have a first frequency in a first time interval and to have a second frequency in a second time interval. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency. The first time interval occurs before the second time interval. The boost circuit receives the clock signal, pulls up a control signal of a driving switch in the first time interval according to a first driving capability, and generates the control signal in the second time interval according to a second driving capability. The first driving capability is greater than the second driving capability.

A voltage converting circuit and a control circuit thereof are provided. The control circuit includes a comparator, a clock generator, and a boost circuit. The comparator compares an input voltage with an output voltage to generate a comparison signal. The clock generator generates a clock signal according to the comparison signal to enable the clock signal to have a first frequency in a first time interval and to have a second frequency in a second time interval. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency. The first time interval occurs before the second time interval. The boost circuit receives the clock signal, pulls up a control signal of a driving switch in the first time interval according to a first driving capability, and generates the control signal in the second time interval according to a second driving capability. The first driving capability is greater than the second driving capability.

The ECU includes first and second power terminals, first and second voltage limiting elements, first and second diodes, and a power supply IC. A voltage is applied to the first power terminal from a battery, and a voltage is applied to the second power terminal from the battery via a start switch. The first voltage limiting element is provided between the first power terminal and an input terminal of the power supply IC. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the input terminal of the power supply IC. The second voltage limiting element is provided between the second power terminal and the anode of the first diode. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the anode is grounded. A limit voltage of the first voltage limiting element is greater than a limit voltage of the second voltage limiting element.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide circuitry connecting an output of voltage reference circuitry powered by a relatively high voltage to an input of a voltage buffer configured to generate a voltage lower than the high voltage. The connecting circuitry prevents the high voltage from reaching the input of the voltage buffer. One example electronic circuit generally includes a voltage reference circuit configured to be powered by a relatively higher voltage, a buffer circuit configured to generate a relatively lower voltage as compared to the relatively higher voltage, and circuitry coupled between an output of the voltage reference circuit and an input of the buffer circuit, the circuitry being configured to prevent the higher voltage from reaching the input of the buffer circuit.

A protection apparatus includes an interface, a protection switch, a direct current bus, and a controller. The apparatus is connected to at least two photovoltaic units via the interface, the at least two photovoltaic units are coupled to the direct current bus inside the apparatus to form at least two branches, and each branch is connected to at least one photovoltaic unit. The protection switch is configured to disconnect all or some of the photovoltaic units from the direct current bus, to enable a maximum of three photovoltaic units to be directly connected in parallel. According to the apparatus, a photovoltaic unit and a line are protected with a low power loss when a photovoltaic power generation system is faulty.

A protection apparatus includes an interface, a protection switch, a direct current bus, and a controller. The apparatus is connected to at least two photovoltaic units via the interface, the at least two photovoltaic units are coupled to the direct current bus inside the apparatus to form at least two branches, and each branch is connected to at least one photovoltaic unit. The protection switch is configured to disconnect all or some of the photovoltaic units from the direct current bus, to enable a maximum of three photovoltaic units to be directly connected in parallel. According to the apparatus, a photovoltaic unit and a line are protected with a low power loss when a photovoltaic power generation system is faulty.

In a reverse connection protection circuit, a protection element enters a conductive state when the power source is electrically connected in a forward direction to a load-side circuit and enters a non-conductive state when the power source is electrically connected in a reverse direction to the load-side circuit. The protection element has a first terminal electrically connected to a power source-side terminal of, and a second terminal electrically connected to a load-side terminal of the switching element. A booster circuit is electrically connected to the load-side terminal to supply a boosted voltage of more than a power source voltage to the load-side terminal. A voltage detection part is connected to the load-side terminal to detect an output voltage of the switching element. A judgment part is connected to the voltage detection part to detect a switching element failure based of the voltage detected by the voltage detection part.