A compensation filter and a method for activating a compensation filter are disclosed. In an embodiment a compensation filter includes a power supply line, an electrical amplifier, an output-coupling circuit between the power supply line and an input of the electrical amplifier, an input-coupling circuit between an output of the amplifier and the power supply line, and a time switch. The time switch is connected in series with the input-coupling circuit between the output of the amplifier and the power supply line.

A snubber circuit includes a snubber substrate including an electrically insulating carrier and an electrically conducting structured layer applied thereon, the electrically conducting structured layer including two segments. The snubber circuit fuither includes two electrically resistive layers, each resistive layer being applied onto the two segments of the electrically conducting structured layer of the snubber substrate, and a capacitor disposed on the electrically resistive layers and having two terminals, each terminal being electrically connected to one of the electrically resistive layers. Further, a power semiconductor module having such a snubber circuit is disclosed.

A surge monitoring circuit for detecting transient spikes in an input voltage includes a voltage divider circuit that generates a divider output voltage from the input voltage, a reference voltage generator circuit that generates reference voltages, and a comparator circuit that generates comparator signals by comparing the divider output voltage to the reference voltages. The surge monitoring circuit further includes a processor configured to predict, at least based on the comparator signals, an expected failure of a surge suppressor circuit that suppresses the transient spikes, where the comparator signals indicate detections of divider output transient spikes in the divider output voltage. The divider output transient spikes correspond to transient spikes in the input voltage, where the divider output transient spikes have a higher voltage than the one or more reference voltages.

A Z source network includes positive and negative input terminals and a first snubber circuit connected across the positive and negative input terminals. The first snubber circuit is configured to suppress voltage transients across the positive and negative input terminals. The Z source network also includes positive and negative output terminals and a second snubber circuit connected across the positive and negative output terminals. The second snubber circuit is configured to suppress voltage transients across the positive and negative output terminals.

A switch element is arranged between an input terminal and an output terminal. A signal from the input terminal is distributed by a capacitative element and supplied to the cathode side of a diode. An inductor is connected to the cathode side of the diode, and a smoothing circuit including a capacitative element and a resistor is connected to the anode side. The switch element has a control terminal connected to the anode of the diode, and turns off a path between the input terminal and the output terminal when a voltage is applied to the control terminal.

An electronic initiation system for use with a firing panel may include an input connector, a plurality of electronic ignition circuits (EICs) operably coupled together in series, and an indicator operably coupled to an output of each EIC of the plurality of EICs. A first EIC of the plurality of EICs may be operably coupled to the input connector. The indicator is configured to generate an indication in response to an output of an EIC of the plurality of EICs satisfying a predetermined condition.

A surge protection circuit includes: a power supply unit configured to supply first power, a filter unit configured to filter noise of the first power while a current corresponding to a surge flows through the filter unit, a motor unit provided with at least one motor, a control unit configured to control the motor unit according to an operation mode, and a rectification unit provided with at least one protection capacitor and configured to rectify the filtered first power into second power. The filter unit is connected with a ground to thereby apply the current to the filter unit through the ground. A first impedance is generated by the filter unit and the rectification unit and a second impedance is generated by the control unit and the motor unit and a value of the first impedance is less than a value of the second impedance.

According to one aspect, a power device is provided. The power device includes an input having at least a first connection and a second connection, and configured to be coupled to an AC power source to receive input AC power, a converter circuit coupled to the input and configured to convert an input AC voltage to a DC voltage, a load output configured to provide output power derived from the DC voltage, a rectifier circuit coupled to the input and having a first output and a second output, and a first capacitor coupled to the first output of the rectifier circuit and the second output of the rectifier circuit.

A circuit arrangement for a surge protection device for protecting multiple DC or AC power lines. The circuit arrangement includes a plurality of DC or AC power line inputs, a negative potential or neutral input, a ground potential input, a surge protection component having one or more surge elements, a rectification circuit including a plurality of diodes, and an alarm circuit for receiving a status output from the surge protection component.

A fast-operating AC fault current limiter, to limit the fault current let through to downstream equipment during short circuit or low-impedance faults, comprises a series inductor to limit current rise time, a current sensor to sense the instantaneous current, a series AC semiconductor switch to interrupt current flow when it exceeds the maximum desired fault current, and a shunt AC semiconductor switch to catch inductor flyback voltage when the series semiconductor switch is opened. Each of the series and the shunt AC switches comprises two back-to-back MOSFETs. Inventive control of timing of the individual MOSFETs obviates the need for exact simultaneous timing of opening the series switch and closing the shunt switch, which is otherwise required to avoid short circuits.