An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

Respiration aiding equipment is provided, wherein the respiration aiding equipment includes a main control module, a heating loop and a heating loop protective circuit connected to the heating loop, and the heating loop protective circuit includes an acquisition sub-circuit, a suppression sub-circuit, a protective sub-circuit and a discharge sub-circuit; the acquisition sub-circuit collects input voltage of the protective sub-circuit and sends the input voltage to the suppression sub-circuit; the suppression sub-circuit clamps the input voltage and releases current through the discharge sub-circuit; and the protective sub-circuit performs short-circuit protection when the current is too high. In the present disclosure, the over-voltage protection is realized through the voltage clamp in such a manner of monitoring the voltage of the heating loop and suppressing the input voltage through the suppression sub-circuit, and then the over-current protection is realized through the protective sub-circuit when the circuit current is too high.

A direct current (DC)/DC conversion circuit includes an input end, a power circuit, and an output end, a bypass circuit that is a unidirectional conduction circuit, and a switch disposed between the input end and the power circuit, where the input end is configured to be coupled to an external power supply to receive power to the DC/DC conversion circuit. The bypass circuit is coupled between the input end and the power circuit, the bypass circuit is disposed between the switch and the power circuit, and the bypass circuit is coupled to the power circuit in parallel. The switch is configured to be closed when the input end is reversely coupled to the external power supply to enable a current from a positive electrode of the external power supply to flow back to a negative electrode of the external power supply through the bypass circuit and the switch.

An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

A motor apparatus for a switch drive of an electric switch has an electric motor and a controller for controlling the electric motor. The controller has: a rectifier unit for rectifying a supply voltage of the motor apparatus, if the supply voltage is an alternating voltage, and for reverse polarity protection if the supply voltage is a direct voltage, a voltage measurement unit for detecting the supply voltage or a rectifier output voltage of the rectifier unit, a switch unit for generating a drive voltage for the electric motor from the supply voltage or from the rectifier output voltage and a control unit for controlling the switch unit as a function of the supply or rectifier output voltage detected. The electric motor is operable by direct current and the switch unit generates a drive direct voltage for the electric motor.

Electrical overstress protection for high speed interfaces are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a semiconductor die with bidirectional protection against electrical overstress is provided. The semiconductor die includes a first pad, a second pad, a forward protection silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) electrically connected between the first pad and the second pad and configured to activate in response to electrical overstress that increases a voltage of the first pad relative to a voltage of the second pad, and a reverse protection SCR electrically connected in parallel with the forward protection SCR between the first pad and the second pad and configured to activate in response to electrical overstress that decreases the voltage of the first pad relative to the voltage of the second pad.

An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

An automotive auxiliary unit includes an electronic protection unit. The electronic protection unit includes an inverse-polarity protection unit having a semiconductor switch, and an overcurrent protection unit which detects a voltage drop at the semiconductor switch of the inverse-polarity protection unit so as to determine a present current level.

A transient voltage suppressor (“TVS”) device includes a housing. Three prongs extend from the first end and are adapted for electrically connecting to an alternating current power source receptacle. Three recessed contacts extend into the second end of the housing for receiving three prongs from a power connector. The three prongs and three recessed contacts are adapted to pass electrical power along a ground wire, a neutral wire, and line wire, respectively. A protection circuit includes at least one silicon avalanche suppression diode (“SAS diode”) to limit high transient voltage imposed thereon to a lower level. A notification circuit is configured to communicate a status of the TVS device and configured to notify a user of one or more of: a correct connection of the vehicle wiring with respect to the power source, an incorrect connection of the vehicle wiring with respect to the power source, or a fault.