An electrical receptacle contains contacts, at least one contact for electrical connection to a hot power line and at least one contact for a neutral power line. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the contact and the hot power line. One or more sensors are provided which detect signals of the hot power line and/or the neutral power line. The processor provides activation or deactivation control to the controlled switch in response to the detected signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

An electronic system for a surgical instrument is disclosed. The electronic system comprises a main power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a primary circuit. A supplementary power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a secondary circuit. A short circuit protection circuit coupled between the main power supply circuit and the supplementary power supply circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to isolate itself from the main power supply circuit when the supplementary power supply circuit detects a short circuit condition at the secondary circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to rejoin the main power supply circuit and supply power to the secondary circuit, when the short circuit condition is remedied.

An electronic system for a surgical instrument is disclosed. The electronic system comprises a main power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a primary circuit. A supplementary power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a secondary circuit. A short circuit protection circuit coupled between the main power supply circuit and the supplementary power supply circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to isolate itself from the main power supply circuit when the supplementary power supply circuit detects a short circuit condition at the secondary circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to rejoin the main power supply circuit and supply power to the secondary circuit, when the short circuit condition is remedied.

One embodiment discloses a DC-DC converter which, in a solar-related energy storage system, cuts-off the over-discharging of a battery, and a control method thereof. Specifically, disclosed are a DC-DC converter which protects a battery by appropriately switching between a sleep mode which minimizes battery consumption by maintaining only minimized functions and a cut-off mode which prevents the battery from over-discharging by physically cutting off a circuit connected to the battery, and a control method thereof. Also, an embodiment discloses a DC-DC converter or reverse wiring protection device for between a solar panel and a battery. Specifically, disclosed is a DC-DC converter or reverse wiring protection device comprising: a reverse current pass circuit comprising a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a diode and a fuse; a breaker circuit which cuts-off the supply of power if reverse wiring is sensed by the current sensor or the voltage sensor; a capacitor which is connected in parallel to the reverse current pass circuit; and a switch which connects the reverse current pass circuit and the battery pack.

A thermal management system for an enclosure containing electrical components includes a cooling unit for controlling temperature inside the enclosure and a controller for the cooling unit, the controller being configured so that it can receive a three-phase power input signal and distribute power and control connected components using the three-phase signal. The controller can protect the compressor in critical scenarios such as thermal overload and overcurrent. The controller can output various faults such as missing phase alarm, imbalance phase alarm, overcurrent alarm, thermal overload alarm, door open alarm, and temperature and pressure alarms. An auto phase sequence correction controls the phase relay, accepting 3 phase 480 VAC power input from facility power terminal, supplying 3 phase power to the compressor and motor impellers, 12V DC power to a display unit, and 24V DC power to a remote access control module.

An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

A power supply device includes a spike absorption circuit that suppresses an avalanche breakage of a current shutdown switch due to a kickback voltage that may appear in response to the cut-off of a load current. The current shutdown switch is connected to secondary batteries. The spike absorption circuit is a series circuit of a protection switch, formed of a semiconductor element, and a diode. The power supply device further includes: a small-signal switch that controls turn-on and turn-off of the protection switch; and a delay circuit that maintains the small-signal switch in an ON state over a setup time after a current shutdown timing of the current shutdown switch. The delay circuit maintains the small-signal switch in the ON state over the setup time (T), and the small-signal switch thereby causes the protection switch to the ON state. Then, the spike absorption circuit damps the kickback voltage.

A DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function receives a DC power source and supplies power to a DC load. The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus includes a first loop, a second loop, a third loop, and a control unit. The first loop receives the DC power source and supplies power to the DC load. The second loop converts the DC power source into an energy-storing power source to charge an energy-storing unit. The energy-storing unit provides a backup power source to the DC load through the third loop and the first loop. The control unit controls the first loop, the second loop, and the third loop to correspondingly provide a first protection mechanism, a second protection mechanism, and a third protection mechanism.

A DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function receives a DC power source and supplies power to a DC load. The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus includes a first loop, a second loop, a third loop, and a control unit. The first loop receives the DC power source and supplies power to the DC load. The second loop converts the DC power source into an energy-storing power source to charge an energy-storing unit. The energy-storing unit provides a backup power source to the DC load through the third loop and the first loop. The control unit controls the first loop, the second loop, and the third loop to correspondingly provide a first protection mechanism, a second protection mechanism, and a third protection mechanism.