A method for a power system having a string of a plurality of power sources connected across a power device includes connecting a plurality of safe voltage units having safety switches connected respectively across each of the power sources. The method includes sensing a plurality of parameters of the power sources, and monitoring for a signal transmitted from the power device. Each of the safety switches is activated to be OFF responsive to detecting the signal within a predetermined time period. Upon not detecting the signal from the power device within the predetermined time period, a safe mode of operation of the power system is entered in which the voltages of each of the power sources is reduced to a voltage level less than a predetermined voltage level by turning the safety switches ON.

A power supply control system controls a redundant power supply system that includes a first power supply system and a second power supply system connected in parallel to a power supply unit. The first power supply system includes a first power supply and a first system. The second power supply system includes a second power supply and a second system. The power supply control system includes a first switch that is a MOSFET provided between the power supply unit and the first power supply, a second switch that is a MOSFET provided between the power supply unit and the second power supply, a wiring configured to supply a dark current flowing from the first power supply to the second system, a first relay of a normally-on type provided on the wiring, and a second relay of a normally-off type provided between the second power supply and the second switch.

An electric system is disclosed. The electric system comprises first and second battery subassemblies, an interrupter, and a system controller. The interrupter connects the first battery subassembly in series to the second battery subassembly via a switched current-limiting path in parallel with a switched non-current-limiting path. The first battery subassembly causes closing of the switched current-limiting path when an energizing trigger is applied to the electric system. The system controller causes closing of the switched non-current-limiting path when energized by the first and second battery subassemblies. The electric system may be integrated in an electric vehicle. A method for energizing an electric system is also disclosed.

An electric system is disclosed. The electric system comprises first and second battery subassemblies, an interrupter, and a system controller. The interrupter connects the first battery subassembly in series to the second battery subassembly via a switched current-limiting path in parallel with a switched non-current-limiting path. The first battery subassembly causes closing of the switched current-limiting path when an energizing trigger is applied to the electric system. The system controller causes closing of the switched non-current-limiting path when energized by the first and second battery subassemblies. The electric system may be integrated in an electric vehicle. A method for energizing an electric system is also disclosed.

An electronic system for a surgical instrument is disclosed. The electronic system comprises a main power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a primary circuit. A supplementary power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to a secondary circuit. A short circuit protection circuit coupled between the main power supply circuit and the supplementary power supply circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to isolate itself from the main power supply circuit when the supplementary power supply circuit detects a short circuit condition at the secondary circuit. The supplementary power supply circuit is configured to rejoin the main power supply circuit and supply power to the secondary circuit, when the short circuit condition is remedied.

A method for checking the behavior of at least one group of consumers in a motor vehicle. In the method, it is checked whether the at least one group of consumers behaves corresponding to a request to change their consumption, for which purpose the power consumption of the group of consumers is measured and compared to a modeled consumption calculated based on a dynamic model of the at least one group of consumers, at least one algorithm being used for the comparison.

An on-board electrical system for a vehicle includes an on-board power supply system (12) with a plurality of electrical energy consumers, and at least one on-board power supply system battery (14). At least one short circuit breaking device (28) disconnects a short circuit-relevant system area (22) from the on-board power supply system (12) when a short circuit occurs in the area of the short circuit-relevant system area (22).

A power converter system including an input configured to receive input AC power from an input power source, the input power source having a peak voltage limit, at least one output configured to provide output power to at least one load, a charger coupled to the input and configured to convert the input AC power into first DC power, a DC bus configured to receive the first DC power, at least one power converter configured to convert DC power from the DC bus into the output power, and an auxiliary power source coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide second DC power to the DC bus to supplement the first DC power provided by the charger in response to a voltage demand of the at least one load exceeding the peak voltage limit of the input power source.

Representative methods, apparatus and systems are disclosed for providing concurrent electrical stimulation and electrical recording in a human or non-human subject, such as for neuromodulation, with the apparatus coupleable to an electrode array. A representative apparatus is typically an integrated circuit including: stimulation circuits, recording circuits, and blocking circuits responsive to control signals to block the stimulation voltage or current on an electrode from a corresponding recording circuit, while other recording circuits may simultaneously record electrical signals from other electrodes and generate recorded data. A representative stimulation circuit may include current sources; a first multiplexer for current source selection; a second multiplexer for electrode selection; a switchable voltage offset circuit; a switchable grounding circuit; and a stimulation controller providing control signals to provide the electrical stimulation, such as biphasic or monophasic stimulation, and bipolor or unipolar stimulation. Off-chip communication, control, along with power and voltage level control, are also provided.

A system and method for supplying electric energy to a mining vehicle and a mining vehicle are provided. Electric energy is supplied to the mining vehicle using a system including a bipolar LVDC supply having a certain total voltage. The mining vehicle has at least a first energy unit and a second energy unit. The first energy unit is connected to a part of the certain total voltage and the second energy unit is connected to another part of the certain total voltage.