In a method for structuring an existing grid (11) for distributing electric energy, wherein the grid (11) comprises, as grid components, at least sources, loads, lines, sensor, switching and converter components which are connected to one another in a starting topology, on the basis of property variables of the grid components and predefinable regulation limits, the grid components are combined in a plurality of local, self-regulating functional groups (30.1, 30.2, 30.3). Each local functional group (30.1, 30.2, 30.3) is assigned regulation processes comprising actions which are carried out upon reaching trigger criteria for complying with the regulation limits. Starting from an existing grid for distributing electric energy, the method results in a grid which is newly structured in terms of the regulation and, as far as possible, dispenses with a hierarchical structure with respect to the regulation and instead is constructed from local functional groups (30.1, 30.2, 30.3) which are self-regulating during normal operation. This reduces the susceptibility to faults and thereby increases the operational safety and supply reliability, inter alia.

A neutral arrangement is provided for a converter station of a direct current power transmission system that includes a first converter. The neutral arrangement includes surge arrestors and a group of neutral buses. Each surge arrestor is connected between a neutral bus and ground. The neutral arrangement includes a high voltage insulation zoom area having a first group of surge arrestors and a low voltage insulation zoom area having a second group of surge arrestors. The surge arrestors in the first group have a first arrestor reference voltage and the surge arrestors in the second group have a second arrestor reference voltage that is lower than the first arrestor reference voltage.

Provided are a ground fault protection method and apparatus for a photovoltaic station output transmission line. A circuit breaker on a photovoltaic side is controlled by a control element. Whether measured zero sequence impedance on the photovoltaic side of a segment line has a large variation before and after an action of power grid side distance protection is determined, the variation of the measured zero sequence impedance is inputted into the control element, in condition that the variation of the measured zero sequence impedance is less than a setting value, a tripping signal is outputted to the circuit breaker on the photovoltaic side to isolate the fault; and in condition that the variation of the measured zero sequence impedance is greater than the setting value, photovoltaic side distance protection is not started.

An asset manager controls power distribution within an aggregated distributed energy resources system (“DERs system”) having a plurality of assets. The asset manager is configured to operate with a given asset. As such, the asset manager has 1) an interface to receive asset information relating to the given asset and to communicate with another asset manager in the DERs system, and 2) a function generator configured to produce a local cost function using data relating to the given asset only. The local cost function represents a portion of a system cost function for the DERs system. The asset manager also has 3) a controller configured to use the local cost function for the given asset to manage operation of the given asset in the DERs system. In addition, the controller also is configured to determine, using the local cost function, an operating point for the given asset.

An intelligent switch device and a power generation system are provided. The intelligent switch device includes a first power port, a second power port, a switch unit and a control unit. A first end of a switch unit is connected to a first power supply via a first power port, and a second end of the switch unit is connected to a second power supply via a second power port. The control unit is configured to control the switch unit to be turned on for a first time period when the first power supply is in abnormal condition, where the abnormal condition causes the switch unit to be tripped. The first time period is greater than or equal to a time period required for a device to respond to the abnormal condition.

Methods and systems for controlling electrical distribution grids. The method includes determining premises in an electrical distribution grid that include an energy resource. The method further includes determining a configuration of the electrical distribution grid including a micro-grid, the micro-grid including the one or more premises. The method further includes electrically isolating, monitoring and controlling the micro-grid from the electrical distribution grid through the use of a micro-grid manager.

A power margin tracking control method and system for a multi-terminal high-voltage direct current converter station are provided. A power adjustment factor is introduced on the basis of a droop coefficient, to realize a self-adaptive regulation of a converter station operation mode to a real-time fluctuation of a wind and solar power. In this way, the system operation stability and the power fluctuation allocation capability in a grid-connected system are improved. Furthermore, a DC voltage deviation in the multi-terminal high-voltage direct current grid is reduced.

This disclosure is directed to a method for operating a wind turbine which includes a speed-variable drive system. The system includes an electrical machine and a pulsewidth modulation-controlled converter. The speed-variable drive system is connected to an electrical grid. In the event of a transient grid fault, a frequency of the pulsewidth modulation is determined in response to a current in an electrical circuit connected to the converter.

A method for controlling a wind power installation or a wind farm is provided. The method includes establishing that there is a grid fault within an electrical power supply grid operated by a grid operator and to which the wind power installation or the wind farm is electrically connected via a point of common coupling; switching electrical switches of the wind power installation or the wind farm using a control unit of the wind power installation or the wind farm which is operated by a low-voltage power supply, so that the wind power installation or the wind farm is voltage-free; testing an electrical store for ensuring the low-voltage power supply once the grid fault has been established; and switching further electrical switches of the wind power installation or the wind farm to a predefined switching state in which start-up of the wind power installation or the wind farm is possible.

An electronic commuting device for controlling the energy current flow in a wire bidirectionally within an electrical installation, in which the electronic commuting device can be used to supply power from a neutral wire of an electrical installation to a smart home controller device is disclosed, which operates only with a line wire and a load wire, to energize an electrical contact and to supply power to a wireless controller coupled thereto.