A display panel including: a substrate including an opening area and a display area surrounding the opening area; a plurality of display elements, each including a pixel electrode, an emission layer, and an opposite electrode, the plurality of display elements being located in the display area; a thin-film encapsulation layer covering the plurality of display elements and including an organic encapsulation layer and an inorganic encapsulation layer; a plurality of grooves located between the opening area and the display area, the plurality of grooves being concave in a depth direction of the substrate and having an undercut structure; and a partition wall located between neighboring grooves among the plurality of grooves.

Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media including instructions for an aggregated voltage controller for a cluster of fluid turbines. An aggregated voltage controller includes at least one processor configured to: receive a target voltage for the cluster; receive via a plurality of rectifiers, each associated with a different turbine, an indication of a DC voltage associated with each turbine, wherein the DC voltage associated with at least one of the turbines is below the target voltage; and based on the received indications of the DC voltage signals associated with each turbine in the cluster, output a control signal to each of a plurality of DC-DC converters associated with the plurality of rectifiers, each control signal configured to regulate each DC-DC converter to produce a DC output at the target voltage such that combining each DC output in parallel produces an aggregated DC voltage conforming to the target voltage.

Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media including instructions for an aggregated voltage controller for a cluster of fluid turbines. An aggregated voltage controller includes at least one processor configured to: receive a target voltage for the cluster; receive via a plurality of rectifiers, each associated with a different turbine, an indication of a DC voltage associated with each turbine, wherein the DC voltage associated with at least one of the turbines is below the target voltage; and based on the received indications of the DC voltage signals associated with each turbine in the cluster, output a control signal to each of a plurality of DC-DC converters associated with the plurality of rectifiers, each control signal configured to regulate each DC-DC converter to produce a DC output at the target voltage such that combining each DC output in parallel produces an aggregated DC voltage conforming to the target voltage.

This disclosure describes many innovations including but not limited to systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media containing instructions for controlling an energy generator. A system for controlling an energy generator includes a detector for sensing an indicator of electrical energy generated by the generator; an energy storage component configured, in a first mode of operation, to store energy generated during operation at a sub-threshold level insufficient for real-time supply to an electrical energy sink; an energy converter configured, in a second mode of operation, to provide energy generated during operation above the threshold level for real-time supply of energy to the electrical energy sink; and a controllable switch, electrically associated with the detector, and configured to alternately toggle between the first mode of operation and the second mode of operation based on the indicator to thereby permit energy generated at the sub-threshold level to be collected and intermittently used.

Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media including instructions for an inverter for communicating power from a cluster of fluid turbines to an electrical grid. An inverter for communicating power from a cluster of turbines to a grid includes circuitry configured to receive via a rectifier associated with each turbine in the cluster, a DC voltage such that a plurality of DC voltages from differing turbines are received and aggregated; at least one processor configured to: confirm that a connection to the grid conforms with at least one operating parameter; when conformity of the grid connection with the operating parameter is confirmed, enable inversion of the aggregated DC voltage to an AC voltage compatible with the grid and enable output of the AC voltage to the grid; and when conformity of the grid connection with the operating parameter is not confirmed, prevent output of the AC voltage to the grid.

A display panel including: a substrate including an opening area and a display area surrounding the opening area; a plurality of display elements, each including a pixel electrode, an emission layer, and an opposite electrode, the plurality of display elements being located in the display area; a thin-film encapsulation layer covering the plurality of display elements and including an organic encapsulation layer and an inorganic encapsulation layer; a plurality of grooves located between the opening area and the display area, the plurality of grooves being concave in a depth direction of the substrate and having an undercut structure; and a partition wall located between neighboring grooves among the plurality of grooves.

A motor driving device includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire multiple pieces of data in data acquisition periods having different lengths; a selection unit configured to select a piece of data from among the multiple pieces of data, based on timing at which a switching circuit switches switching devices; and a control unit configured to control the switching circuit based on the selected data.

A motor driving device includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire multiple pieces of data in data acquisition periods having different lengths; a selection unit configured to select a piece of data from among the multiple pieces of data, based on timing at which a switching circuit switches switching devices; and a control unit configured to control the switching circuit based on the selected data.

A display panel including: a substrate including an opening area and a display area surrounding the opening area; a plurality of display elements, each including a pixel electrode, an emission layer, and an opposite electrode, the plurality of display elements being located in the display area; a thin-film encapsulation layer covering the plurality of display elements and including an organic encapsulation layer and an inorganic encapsulation layer; a plurality of grooves located between the opening area and the display area, the plurality of grooves being concave in a depth direction of the substrate and having an undercut structure; and a partition wall located between neighboring grooves among the plurality of grooves.

A vehicle driving device includes a permanent magnet motor, an inverter that drives the permanent magnet motor, a DC-to-DC converter that is a buck-boost converter and connected to the inverter, and a driving battery that is connected to the DC-to-DC converter. The DC-to-DC converter outputs, to the inverter, (i) a voltage inputted to the DC-to-DC converter of a positive electrode of the driving battery as-is and (ii) a voltage inputted to the DC-to-DC converter of a negative electrode of the driving battery after increasing the voltage in a negative direction.