An apparatus for predicting useful life of a photovoltaic module includes an input and an output. The input receives first information indicating an amount of hygrothermal stress that a photovoltaic module undergoes from a start until an end of a period during which the photovoltaic module outputs predetermined electric power. The input further receives second information indicating an amount of hygrothermal stress that the photovoltaic module undergoes per a predetermined time in a field where the photovoltaic module is deployed. The second information is generated based on information about daily maximum temperatures of the photovoltaic module in the field where the photovoltaic module is deployed. The output outputs result information about a predicted period during which the photovoltaic module is expected to output the predetermined electric power when the photovoltaic module is deployed in the field.

Provided herein is a solar energy light collecting device, which includes a light reflection module, a sun tracking module, and a control module. The light reflection module includes reflection units, reflection unit support beams and a support wheel frame assembly. The sun tracking module includes an angle adjustment set, a height adjustment set, and a supporter set. The control module includes a sense control unit and a driving motor. The sense control unit senses the direction of the sunlight and controls the driving motor to drive the sun tracking module, such that the light reflection module faces the direction of the sunlight. Moreover, an additional balance adjustment module can also be adopted to resolve the spatial disposition problem.

Provided herein is a solar energy light collecting device, which includes a light reflection module, a sun tracking module, and a control module. The light reflection module includes reflection units, reflection unit support beams and a support wheel frame assembly. The sun tracking module includes an angle adjustment set, a height adjustment set, and a supporter set. The control module includes a sense control unit and a driving motor. The sense control unit senses the direction of the sunlight and controls the driving motor to drive the sun tracking module, such that the light reflection module faces the direction of the sunlight. Moreover, an additional balance adjustment module can also be adopted to resolve the spatial disposition problem.

A glass roof system includes a first glass layer, a photovoltaic module, a switching film powered by the photovoltaic module, and a control module configured to selectively control the switching film based on a passenger cabin temperature.

The efficiency of solar power collection is increased by adding a thermal energy storage stage to a sunlight concentrator and thermodynamic power generator system. The thermal energy storage includes tubes or capsules made of a phase change material that stores thermal energy in different temperature stages through a working fluid. The stored thermal energy is directed to the thermodynamic generator during off-sun periods.

The efficiency of solar power collection is increased by adding a thermal energy storage stage to a sunlight concentrator and thermodynamic power generator system. The thermal energy storage includes tubes or capsules made of a phase change material that stores thermal energy in different temperature stages through a working fluid. The stored thermal energy is directed to the thermodynamic generator during off-sun periods.

A space system including a layered structure on an outer surface of the space system, the layered structure including a conductive veil or nonwoven comprising conductive fibers, and a non-conductive sheet arranged on a surface of the conductive veil or nonwoven.

A space system including a layered structure on an outer surface of the space system, the layered structure including a conductive veil or nonwoven comprising conductive fibers, and a non-conductive sheet arranged on a surface of the conductive veil or nonwoven.

A prefabricated solar construction element is disclosed that comprises a building construction element ready to be integrated into an architectural building, a plurality of solar cells carriers, and a plurality of solar cells attached to the plurality of solar cells carriers, wherein the solar cells generate electric power in response to light. The prefabricated solar construction element is prefabricated by integrating the construction element, the plurality of solar cells carriers, and the plurality of solar cells, prior to integrating the prefabricated solar construction element into the architectural building.

A prefabricated solar construction element is disclosed that comprises a building construction element ready to be integrated into an architectural building, a plurality of solar cells carriers, and a plurality of solar cells attached to the plurality of solar cells carriers, wherein the solar cells generate electric power in response to light. The prefabricated solar construction element is prefabricated by integrating the construction element, the plurality of solar cells carriers, and the plurality of solar cells, prior to integrating the prefabricated solar construction element into the architectural building.