A photovoltaic panel fault diagnosis method using a fault diagnosis algorithm in a photovoltaic system comprises modeling a photovoltaic system simulation model necessary for the fault diagnosis algorithm, defining fault scenarios and pre-processing through data normalization after creating and acquiring fault data in advance using the photovoltaic system simulation model, and utilizing scenario-specific fault data obtained through the data normalization with a machine learning method.

A photovoltaic panel fault diagnosis method using a fault diagnosis algorithm in a photovoltaic system comprises modeling a photovoltaic system simulation model necessary for the fault diagnosis algorithm, defining fault scenarios and pre-processing through data normalization after creating and acquiring fault data in advance using the photovoltaic system simulation model, and utilizing scenario-specific fault data obtained through the data normalization with a machine learning method.

A photovoltaic (PV) system includes a system control module that determines the presence of a microinverter chain termination end cap. The end cap includes an embedded circuit. The embedded circuit includes components having resistive, reactive, or impedance values. A signal source provides a signal through the microinverter chain. A parameter for a sensed signal detected by the system control module is used to determine the presence of the end cap using a change between the parameter for the sense signal and a reference parameter.

A battery power supply device includes an alternating-current power source, a secondary cell connected to the alternating-current power source, a first switch for selectively connecting or cutting off a cell and the alternating-current power source, the first switch being disposed between the battery and the alternating-current power source, and a ground fault sensing device for sensing a ground fault in the battery, the ground fault sensing device being connected closer to the battery than the first switch; the ground fault sensing device sensing a ground fault in the battery when the first switch is off.

An optimization engine determines an optimal configuration for a solar power system projected onto a target surface. The optimization engine identifies an alignment axis that passes through a vertex of a boundary associated with the target surface and then constructs horizontal or vertical spans that represent contiguous areas where solar modules may be placed. The optimization engine populates each span with solar modules and aligns the solar modules within adjacent spans to one another. The optimization engine then generates a performance estimate for a collection of populated spans. By generating different spans with different solar module types and orientations, the optimization engine is configured to identify an optimal solar power system configuration.

An optimization engine determines an optimal configuration for a solar power system projected onto a target surface. The optimization engine identifies an alignment axis that passes through a vertex of a boundary associated with the target surface and then constructs horizontal or vertical spans that represent contiguous areas where solar modules may be placed. The optimization engine populates each span with solar modules and aligns the solar modules within adjacent spans to one another. The optimization engine then generates a performance estimate for a collection of populated spans. By generating different spans with different solar module types and orientations, the optimization engine is configured to identify an optimal solar power system configuration.

This monitoring system for photovoltaic power generation includes: a first to n-th power collecting systems each for supplying a power conditioner with collected outputs from plural photovoltaic panels via a connection box; slave devices provided for connection boxes respectively belonging to the first to n-th power collecting systems, each slave device collecting measurement information about power generation and transmitting the collected measurement information by use of a direct current electrical path of the power collecting system thereof; a master device provided at a power collection end on an inlet side of the power conditioner to obtain the measurement information; a system selection unit for selecting one power collecting system upon reception of a selection signal from the master device and causing power line communication to be performed by use of a direct current electrical path of the selected power collecting system; and a monitoring device connected to the master device.

This monitoring system for photovoltaic power generation includes: a first to n-th power collecting systems each for supplying a power conditioner with collected outputs from plural photovoltaic panels via a connection box; slave devices provided for connection boxes respectively belonging to the first to n-th power collecting systems, each slave device collecting measurement information about power generation and transmitting the collected measurement information by use of a direct current electrical path of the power collecting system thereof; a master device provided at a power collection end on an inlet side of the power conditioner to obtain the measurement information; a system selection unit for selecting one power collecting system upon reception of a selection signal from the master device and causing power line communication to be performed by use of a direct current electrical path of the selected power collecting system; and a monitoring device connected to the master device.

A method and apparatus for recognizing an operating state of a photovoltaic string. The method includes: calculating a theoretical power and a theoretical maximum short-circuit current of a photovoltaic string under a current operating condition; calculating a typical year theoretical power and a typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string; and establishing standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string based on the theoretical power, the theoretical maximum short-circuit current, the typical year theoretical power, and the typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string. The method further including acquiring operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string under the current operating condition; and determining the operating state of the photovoltaic string by comparing the operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string with the corresponding standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string.

A method and apparatus for recognizing an operating state of a photovoltaic string. The method includes: calculating a theoretical power and a theoretical maximum short-circuit current of a photovoltaic string under a current operating condition; calculating a typical year theoretical power and a typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string; and establishing standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string based on the theoretical power, the theoretical maximum short-circuit current, the typical year theoretical power, and the typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string. The method further including acquiring operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string under the current operating condition; and determining the operating state of the photovoltaic string by comparing the operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string with the corresponding standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string.