Embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus for injecting energy into a crystal in a crystal oscillator, and a crystal oscillator. The apparatus includes: a crystal; a voltage-controlled oscillator configured to output an oscillation signal to the crystal; a ramp voltage generating circuit configured to generate a ramp voltage that changes over time; a first switch disposed between the ramp voltage generating circuit and the voltage-controlled oscillator; a first capacitor, where a first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first switch and the voltage-controlled oscillator, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded; and a control circuit configured to control a status of the first switch according to a current through the crystal. Therefore, the apparatus can efficiently inject energy into the crystal.

A one-coil multi-core inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator is provided. The one-coil multi-core LC oscillator includes a main coil and at least one mode suppression device. The main coil includes an outer wire and a central wire, wherein the outer wire is coupled to a first core circuit and a second core circuit, and the central wire is coupled between a first node and a second node of the outer wire. More particularly, an outer loop formed by the outer wire corresponds to a first mode of the one-coil multi-core LC oscillator, and inner loops formed by the outer wire and the central wire correspond to a second mode of the one-coil multi-core LC oscillator, where the at least one mode suppression device is configured to suppress one of the first mode and the second mode.

A one-coil multi-core inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator is provided. The one-coil multi-core LC oscillator includes a main coil and at least one mode suppression device. The main coil includes an outer wire and a central wire, wherein the outer wire is coupled to a first core circuit and a second core circuit, and the central wire is coupled between a first node and a second node of the outer wire. More particularly, an outer loop formed by the outer wire corresponds to a first mode of the one-coil multi-core LC oscillator, and inner loops formed by the outer wire and the central wire correspond to a second mode of the one-coil multi-core LC oscillator, where the at least one mode suppression device is configured to suppress one of the first mode and the second mode.

A sine wave generator includes a resonator circuit, a control circuit and a pulse generator. The resonator circuit is configured to receive energy pulses and to generate a resonator sinusoidal signal responsively to the energy pulses. The control circuit is configured to estimate a signal measure of the resonator sinusoidal signal, or of a signal derived from the resonator sinusoidal signal. The pulse generator is configured to generate the energy pulses responsive to the signal measure estimated by the control circuit, and to drive the resonator circuit with the energy pulses.

A sine wave generator includes a resonator circuit, a control circuit and a pulse generator. The resonator circuit is configured to receive energy pulses and to generate a resonator sinusoidal signal responsively to the energy pulses. The control circuit is configured to estimate a signal measure of the resonator sinusoidal signal, or of a signal derived from the resonator sinusoidal signal. The pulse generator is configured to generate the energy pulses responsive to the signal measure estimated by the control circuit, and to drive the resonator circuit with the energy pulses.

An apparatus can comprise a DC power supply to generate a DC electrical signal, a pulse generator to generate an electrical pulse, and an electrical element. The pulse generator and the DC power supply can be electrically coupled together. The electrical element can receive the DC electrical signal and the electrical pulse. The electrical element can generate a magnetic field in response to receiving the DC electrical signal and cool in response to receiving the electrical pulse.

An apparatus can comprise a DC power supply to generate a DC electrical signal, a pulse generator to generate an electrical pulse, and an electrical element. The pulse generator and the DC power supply can be electrically coupled together. The electrical element can receive the DC electrical signal and the electrical pulse. The electrical element can generate a magnetic field in response to receiving the DC electrical signal and cool in response to receiving the electrical pulse.

A clock generator comprise a delta-sigma modulation, DSM, for generating a division control signal and a phase control signal, an oscillator, for generating an oscillation signal with a first frequency, an adjustable frequency divider, for performing a division operation on the oscillation signal according to the division control signal, to generate a first division signal and a second division signal with a second frequency, and a phase interpolator, PI, for performing a phase interpolation operation on the first and second division signals according to the phase control signal, to generate an output signal with an output frequency, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

A clock generator comprise a delta-sigma modulation, DSM, for generating a division control signal and a phase control signal, an oscillator, for generating an oscillation signal with a first frequency, an adjustable frequency divider, for performing a division operation on the oscillation signal according to the division control signal, to generate a first division signal and a second division signal with a second frequency, and a phase interpolator, PI, for performing a phase interpolation operation on the first and second division signals according to the phase control signal, to generate an output signal with an output frequency, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

A sine wave generator includes a resonator circuit, a control circuit and a pulse generator. The resonator circuit is configured to receive energy pulses and to generate a resonator sinusoidal signal responsively to the energy pulses. The control circuit is configured to estimate a signal measure of the resonator sinusoidal signal, or of a signal derived from the resonator sinusoidal signal. The pulse generator is configured to generate the energy pulses responsive to the signal measure estimated by the control circuit, and to drive the resonator circuit with the energy pulses.