The present disclosure describes variable gain amplifiers with gain-based compensation. In some embodiments, a variable gain amplifier (VGA) includes a gain stage, an output stage, a compensation stage, and a capacitor coupled between respective outputs of the gain stage and compensation stage. A gain of the VGA is configured, based on a gain setting, to amplify signals received by the variable gain amplifier. A gain of the compensation stage is configured, based on the gain setting, to alter an effective capacitance of the capacitor, which is applied to the output of the gain stage for compensation of the VGA. By altering the effective capacitance based on the gain setting of the VGA, compensation capacitance is adjusted continuously with changes in the gain setting and at a similar resolution. In various embodiments, the continuous adjustment of the compensation capacitance across different gain levels prevents discontinuities in amplifier compensation.

A scalable dynamic range analog-to-digital converter. In one instance, a method of scaling a dynamic range of an analog-to-digital converter is provided. The method includes operating the analog-to-digital converter at a first dynamic range. The method also includes receiving a radio frequency signal and detecting an on-channel signal level of the radio frequency signal. The method also includes when the on-channel signal level is above an on-channel threshold, operating the analog-to-digital converter at a second dynamic range. The method also includes when the on-channel signal level is below the on-channel threshold, operating the analog-to-digital converter at the first dynamic range.

An I-V conversion module includes: a current output type sensor, a pre-integral circuit, a charge transfer auxiliary circuit, and an I-V transformation circuit including an inverting amplifier. The current output type sensor is connected to an input end of the I-V transformation circuit through the pre-integral circuit. The charge transfer auxiliary circuit connects in parallel with the inverting amplifier. When both the pre-integral circuit and the charge transfer auxiliary circuit are open circuits, the pre-integral circuit pre-integrates the induction current output by the current output type sensor to store pre-integral charges. When both pre-integral circuit and the charge transfer auxiliary circuit are closed circuits, the pre-integral charges are transferred to the I-V transformation circuit. In these embodiments, both the time for establishing the I-V conversion module and power consumption can be reduced.

The present invention relates to an interface circuit for a capacitive accelerometer sensor for measuring an acceleration value sensed by the sensor. The interface circuit comprises a plurality of electrical switches and three programmable capacitors. Two of the programmable capacitors are arranged to implement gain trimming of the interface circuit, while one of the programmable capacitors is arranged to implement acceleration range selection.

A scalable dynamic range analog-to-digital converter. In one instance, a method of scaling a dynamic range of an analog-to-digital converter is provided. The method includes operating the analog-to-digital converter at a first dynamic range. The method also includes receiving a radio frequency signal and detecting an on-channel signal level of the radio frequency signal. The method also includes when the on-channel signal level is above an on-channel threshold, operating the analog-to-digital converter at a second dynamic range. The method also includes when the on-channel signal level is below the on-channel threshold, operating the analog-to-digital converter at the first dynamic range.

An embodiment attenuator includes a plurality of circuits coupled in series. A respective circuit includes a first capacitor connected between an input node of the respective circuit and an output node of the respective circuit, and a second capacitor connected between the output node of the respective circuit and a reference node. The output node of the respective circuit, other than a last circuit of the plurality of circuits, is connected to the input node of a successive circuit. The attenuator further includes a plurality of selectors, in which the respective circuit is associated with a respective selector that is coupled between the output node of the respective circuit and an output node of the attenuator.

An apparatus comprises a discrete-time analog front-end circuit. The discrete-time analog front-end circuit includes a sample and hold circuit, a discrete-time linear equalizer circuit having an input coupled to an output of the sample and hold circuit, and a discrete-time programmable gain amplifier circuit having an input coupled to an output of the discrete-time linear equalizer circuit. The sample and hold circuit is to generate a discrete-time modulated signal at least partially based on a continuous-time modulated signal. The discrete-time linear equalizer circuit is to generate an equalized discrete-time modulated signal at least partially based on the discrete-time modulated signal. The discrete-time programmable gain amplifier circuit is to generate an amplified equalized discrete-time modulated signal at least partially based on the equalized discrete-time modulated signal. The discrete-time analog front-end circuit may include a quantizer circuit having an input coupled to an output of the discrete-time programmable gain amplifier circuit.

Processes and systems for producing glass fibers having regions devoid of glass using submerged combustion melters, including feeding a vitrifiable feed material into a feed inlet of a melting zone of a melter vessel, and heating the vitrifiable material with at least one burner directing combustion products of an oxidant and a first fuel into the melting zone under a level of the molten material in the zone. One or more of the burners is configured to impart heat and turbulence to the molten material, producing a turbulent molten material comprising a plurality of bubbles suspended in the molten material, the bubbles comprising at least some of the combustion products, and optionally other gas species introduced by the burners. The molten material and bubbles are drawn through a bushing fluidly connected to a forehearth to produce a glass fiber comprising a plurality of interior regions substantially devoid of glass.

A receiver front end capable of receiving and processing intraband non-contiguous carrier aggregate (CA) signals using multiple low noise amplifiers (LNAs) is disclosed herein. A cascode having a common source input stage and a common gate output stage can be turned on or off using the gate of the output stage. A first switch is provided that allows a connection to be either established or broken between the source terminal of the input stage of each cascode. Further switches used for switching degeneration inductors, gate/sources caps and gate to ground caps for each legs can be used to further improve the matching performance of the invention.

Processes and systems for producing glass fibers having regions devoid of glass using submerged combustion melters, including feeding a vitrifiable feed material into a feed inlet of a melting zone of a melter vessel, and heating the vitrifiable material with at least one burner directing combustion products of an oxidant and a first fuel into the melting zone under a level of the molten material in the zone. One or more of the burners is configured to impart heat and turbulence to the molten material, producing a turbulent molten material comprising a plurality of bubbles suspended in the molten material, the bubbles comprising at least some of the combustion products, and optionally other gas species introduced by the burners. The molten material and bubbles are drawn through a bushing fluidly connected to a forehearth to produce a glass fiber comprising a plurality of interior regions substantially devoid of glass.