A non-ferromagnetic electronic circulator device and system is described. Such passive electronic circulator devices may include a plurality of ports that include a discrete arrangement of resistors, capacitors and inductors that form a fully connected S parameter matrix. Signals that enter a first port of the circulator only exit from the second port, signals entering the second port only exit from the third port, signals entering the third port only exit the fourth port, and signals entering the fourth port, only exit the first port.

A non-ferromagnetic electronic circulator device and system is described. Such passive electronic circulator devices may include a plurality of ports that include a discrete arrangement of resistors, capacitors and inductors that form a fully connected S parameter matrix. Signals that enter a first port of the circulator only exit from the second port, signals entering the second port only exit from the third port, signals entering the third port only exit the fourth port, and signals entering the fourth port, only exit the first port.

A directional coupler (1) includes a substrate (10), a main line (20) formed directly or indirectly on the substrate (10), sub-lines (21, 22 and 23) at least part of each of which is formed directly or indirectly on the substrate (10) along the main line (20), a switch (30) switching connections among end portions of the plurality of sub-lines (21, 22 and 23), and detection output terminals (FWD and REV) connected to the sub-line (21), wherein, when looking at the substrate (10) in plan, the end portions of the sub-lines (21, 22 and 23) are disposed on the same side as the detection output terminals (FWD and REV) relative to the main line (20), and the sub-line (21) to which the detection output terminals (FWD and REV) are connected is overlapped with or surrounded by the sub-lines (22 and 23).

A directional coupler (1) includes a substrate (10), a main line (20) formed directly or indirectly on the substrate (10), sub-lines (21, 22 and 23) at least part of each of which is formed directly or indirectly on the substrate (10) along the main line (20), a switch (30) switching connections among end portions of the plurality of sub-lines (21, 22 and 23), and detection output terminals (FWD and REV) connected to the sub-line (21), wherein, when looking at the substrate (10) in plan, the end portions of the sub-lines (21, 22 and 23) are disposed on the opposite side to the detection output terminals (FWD and REV) relative to the main line (20), and the sub-line (21) to which the detection output terminals (FWD and REV) are connected is overlapped with or surrounded by the sub-lines (22 and 23).

A matching device includes a directional coupler, a matching circuit including a first variable capacitance capacitor and a second variable capacitance capacitor, and a control unit. The control unit calculates a reflection coefficient on the basis of a forward power and a reflected power that are detected by the directional coupler, changes the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor such that the calculated reflection coefficient becomes smaller, and makes the cycle of calculation of the set values of the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor shorter than the cycle of acquisition of the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor.

A matching device includes a directional coupler, a matching circuit including a first variable capacitance capacitor and a second variable capacitance capacitor, and a control unit. The control unit calculates a reflection coefficient on the basis of a forward power and a reflected power that are detected by the directional coupler, changes the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor such that the calculated reflection coefficient becomes smaller, and makes the cycle of calculation of the set values of the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor shorter than the cycle of acquisition of the capacitance value of the first variable capacitance capacitor and the capacitance value of the second variable capacitance capacitor.

A magnet-free non-reciprocal device realized using modulated filters. The device includes one or more filters in one or more branches, where each branch connects two ports or a port and a central node. The poles and zeros of each of the first, second and third filters are modulated in time such that degenerate modes at each pole and zero is split thereby destructively interfering at one or more output ports and adding up at another output port allowing non-reciprocal transmission, isolation and/or non-reciprocal phase shift. The device is able to realize a magnet-free full-duplex communication scheme implementing a magnet-free circulator for radio frequency cancellation or a magnet-free isolator or gyrator.

A circuit for driving a switched transistor comprises: a level shifter comprising at least one transistor, the level shifter configured to convert an input pulse to a pulse having a greater voltage swing than the input pulse and shift a voltage level of the converted pulse; and a pulse shaping filter coupled between the level shifter and the gate of the switched transistor, the pulse shaping filter tuned to cancel or reduce an impedance of the gate of the switched transistor. The switched transistor and/or the at least one transistor are a GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT).

The present invention includes a method for creating a system in a package with integrated lumped element devices is system-in-package (SiP) or in photo-definable glass, comprising: masking a design layout comprising one or more electrical components on or in a photosensitive glass substrate; activating the photosensitive glass substrate, heating and cooling to make the crystalline material to form a glass-crystalline substrate; etching the glass-crystalline substrate; and depositing, growing, or selectively etching a seed layer on a surface of the glass-crystalline substrate on the surface of the photodefinable glass, wherein the integrated lumped element devices reduces the parasitic noise and losses by at least 25% from a package lumped element device mount to a system-in-package (SiP) in or on photo-definable glass when compared to an equivalent surface mounted device.

The present invention includes a method for creating a system in a package with integrated lumped element devices is system-in-package (SiP) or in photo-definable glass, comprising: masking a design layout comprising one or more electrical components on or in a photosensitive glass substrate; activating the photosensitive glass substrate, heating and cooling to make the crystalline material to form a glass-crystalline substrate; etching the glass-crystalline substrate; and depositing, growing, or selectively etching a seed layer on a surface of the glass-crystalline substrate on the surface of the photodefinable glass, wherein the integrated lumped element devices reduces the parasitic noise and losses by at least 25% from a package lumped element device mount to a system-in-package (SiP) in or on photo-definable glass when compared to an equivalent surface mounted device.