A passive slide screw load pull tuner structure can be used on-wafer, in millimeter-wave frequencies from 25 to 110 GHz and above. It uses special tuning probe brackets and a short slabline mounted below the tuner housing, which holds the control gear. The tuner is mounted under an angle matching the angle of the wafer-probe, is connected directly of the wafer-probe and ensures optimum tuning range.

Devices and methods for auto-tuning a tunable circuit based on a frequency of operation of the tunable circuit using a clocked frequency detector circuit are described. The clocked frequency detector uses a readily available clock signal to drive a counter circuit to provide an indication of the frequency of operation of the tunable circuit. The tunable circuit, including the clocked frequency detector, can be integrated within a same chip that is autonomously configurable based on the frequency of operation and the readily available clock.

A system is described for maintaining an inductive-capacitive (LC) network at resonance while the excitation frequency may be varied between a number of discrete frequencies at desired instants controlled by a modulation input, while taking into account component parameter errors due environmental and ageing as well as manufacturing tolerances. Control of the resonance while the excitation frequency changes permits the transmission of frequency modulation (FM) or frequency shift keying (FSK) information through an inductively coupled power transfer system.

A system is described for maintaining an inductive-capacitive (LC) network at resonance while the excitation frequency may be varied between a number of discrete frequencies at desired instants controlled by a modulation input, while taking into account component parameter errors due environmental and ageing as well as manufacturing tolerances. Control of the resonance while the excitation frequency changes permits the transmission of frequency modulation (FM) or frequency shift keying (FSK) information through an inductively coupled power transfer system.

An RF electronic impedance tuner uses multiple PIN diodes, Varactors or MOSFETs, mounted in a low loss slab-line, between the bottom surface of the center conductor and ground, are DC controlled individually and spaced appropriately along the slab-line in order to generate maximum Gamma and bandwidth. The electronic tuner is combined with a slide screw tuner, using the same slab-line in various configurations, before, after or sharing the same slab-line section, mounted on top of each-other. Calibration on a VNA allows high Gamma and harmonic tuning.

A switch mode DC-AC converter driven oscillation system which always works on square wave driving, soft-switching and resonant conditions supported by the following techniques is disclosed. {circle around (1)} the techniques composed of totally analog circuitry to dynamically detect the innate resonant frequency of the system through comparison between the phases of the gate driving and zero voltage or current crossing signals of the main oscillation of the system and to drive the system with the detected innate resonant frequency to realize resonant operation and soft-switching. Based on different types of PLL technologies, two of such techniques are disclosed. {circle around (2)} the technique to realize a Voltage Controlled Soft-switching Capacitor (VCSC) to compensate the innate resonant frequency or to adjust the output voltage or power of the system through its tuning/detuning effect. The disclosed techniques can be combined to realize square wave driving, soft-switching and resonant systems which operate in either variable or fixed frequency conditions.

A switch mode DC-AC converter driven oscillation system which always works on square wave driving, soft-switching and resonant conditions supported by the following techniques is disclosed. {circle around (1)} the techniques composed of totally analog circuitry to dynamically detect the innate resonant frequency of the system through comparison between the phases of the gate driving and zero voltage or current crossing signals of the main oscillation of the system and to drive the system with the detected innate resonant frequency to realize resonant operation and soft-switching. Based on different types of PLL technologies, two of such techniques are disclosed. {circle around (2)} the technique to realize a Voltage Controlled Soft-switching Capacitor (VCSC) to compensate the innate resonant frequency or to adjust the output voltage or power of the system through its tuning/detuning effect. The disclosed techniques can be combined to realize square wave driving, soft-switching and resonant systems which operate in either variable or fixed frequency conditions.

A positioning device for a radio frequency matcher comprises mainly a micro controller, and at least two detecting elements connected to the micro controller. The detecting elements are disposed on electric motors to detect the rotation angles of the electric motors. When the electric motors adjust the positions of the moving pieces of the tuning elements based on the volume of error signals to change the electrical reactance values so that they may approximately meet the requirement of the radio frequency load and that the radio frequency load may achieve a highest possible power, the micro controller may interpret the signals of the rotation angle detecting elements and output the interpreted values for a user to determine whether the moving pieces of the tuning elements are at right positions to approximately meet the requirement of the radio frequency load and maximize the power of the radio frequency load of the radio frequency matcher.

An apparatus for tuning a plurality of antennas is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of antenna ports connected to the plurality of antennas; a plurality of user ports; first adjustable impedance elements, each being connected to one of the antenna ports and ground; second adjustable impedance elements, each being connected to one of the user ports and another one of the user ports; and a plurality of connecting elements, each being connected to one of the antenna ports and one of the user ports, wherein the first and second adjustable impedance elements are configured to be adjustable so to tune the plurality of antennas.

An apparatus for tuning a plurality of antennas is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of antenna ports connected to the plurality of antennas; a plurality of user ports; first adjustable impedance elements, each being connected to one of the antenna ports and ground; second adjustable impedance elements, each being connected to one of the user ports and another one of the user ports; and a plurality of connecting elements, each being connected to one of the antenna ports and one of the user ports, wherein the first and second adjustable impedance elements are configured to be adjustable so to tune the plurality of antennas.