A spread-spectrum clock generation circuit comprises at least one comparison element; at least one charge storage device arranged to couple an output of the at least one comparison element to an input of the at least one comparison element and arranged to set a first oscillation frequency of the spread-spectrum clock generation circuit; and a switched charge storage arrangement additionally arranged to couple an output of the at least one comparison element to an input of the at least one comparison element and arranged to set a second oscillation frequency of the spread-spectrum clock generation circuit.

A spread-spectrum clock generation circuit comprises at least one comparison element; at least one charge storage device arranged to couple an output of the at least one comparison element to an input of the at least one comparison element and arranged to set a first oscillation frequency of the spread-spectrum clock generation circuit; and a switched charge storage arrangement additionally arranged to couple an output of the at least one comparison element to an input of the at least one comparison element and arranged to set a second oscillation frequency of the spread-spectrum clock generation circuit.

A micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) frequency divider apparatus having one or more MEMS resonators on a substrate is presented. A first oscillator frequency, as an approximate multiple of the parametric oscillation frequency, is capacitively coupled from a very closely-spaced electrode (e.g., 40 nm) to a resonant structure of the first oscillator, thus inducing mechanical oscillation. This mechanical oscillation can be coupled through additional MEMS resonators on the substrate. The mechanical resonance is then converted, in at least one of the MEMS resonators, by capacitive coupling back to an electrical signal which is a division of the first oscillation frequency. Output may be generated as a single ended output, or in response to a differential signal between two output electrodes.