Injection locked resonator-based oscillators in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are described. An embodiment includes an injection locked resonator-based oscillator, that includes: an amplifier, a feedback circuit, a delayed locked loop (DLL), an off-chip high-frequency resonator that generates a resonance frequency, a switch connected to a power source V.sub.dd, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), where an input to the amplifier is connected to both the high-frequency resonator and the DLL to lock a signal, where an output from the amplifier is connected to the feedback circuit that is provided back to the high-frequency resonator.

An integrated circuit (IC) chip including clock generation circuitry to generate a clock signal. Clock interface circuitry is coupled to the clock generation circuitry and includes multiple transmit pins that are distributed across a mounting surface of the IC chip. Each of the multiple transmit pins is configured to transmit a respective version of the clock signal to one or more off-chip devices. Multiple receiver pins are distributed across the mounting surface of the IC chip and correspond to the multiple transmit pins. Each of the multiple receiver pins is configured to receive respective arrival clock signals from the one or more off-chip devices. Delay compensation circuitry is coupled to the clock interface circuitry and includes multiple delay circuits. Each delay circuit is configured to delay a given clock signal fed to a given transmit pin by a given delay value to establish global timing alignment of the arrival clock signals at the one or more external devices.

A signal divider includes: a dividing circuit arranged to generate an output oscillating signal according to a first input oscillating signal; and a signal generating circuit, coupled to the dividing circuit, for generating an injection signal to the dividing circuit. The dividing circuit is arranged to generate the output oscillating signal with a predetermined phase according to the injection signal and the first input oscillating signal.

A signal divider includes: a dividing circuit arranged to generate an output oscillating signal according to a first input oscillating signal; and a signal generating circuit, coupled to the dividing circuit, for generating an injection signal to the dividing circuit. The dividing circuit is arranged to generate the output oscillating signal with a predetermined phase according to the injection signal and the first input oscillating signal.

An all-digital closed-loop fine-grained control of voltage and frequency for running conditions of a compute machine such as graphic processor unit (GPU), central processing unit (CPU), or any other processing unit. The scheme optimizes the voltage margin and frequency on the fly according to desired programmable performance metrics. A mitigation response to droops is naturally built into the system and is equal to the cause rather than being excessive. The scheme is scalable and can be instantiated in different clusters for best results.

An accurate replica oscillator-based frequency tracking loop (FTL) is provided. The replica oscillator used in the FTL can be at a lower frequency and therefore can consume much lower power compared to a main oscillator, such as an injection locked oscillator (ILO). The proposed FTL accurately sets the free running frequency of an ILO across process, voltage and temperature (PVT). Techniques are also provided to compensate the gain and offset error between the replica oscillator and the ILO.

A multi-injection phase-summing circuit includes an oscillator having a natural frequency of oscillation F0, a reference injection interface circuit controlled by a reference synchronization signal at a reference frequency and at least one additional injection interface circuit controlled by a secondary synchronization signal at the reference frequency, each injection interface circuit having a variable injection parameter, the secondary synchronization signals each being phase shifted with respect to the reference synchronization signal, the oscillator being configured to generate an output signal at the reference frequency and phase shifted with respect to the reference synchronization signal by a phase shift dependent on a sum of the respective phase shifts of each secondary synchronization signal with respect to the reference synchronization signal, said sum being weighted by the injection parameters.

A signal generating electric circuit, a signal generating method, a digit-to-time converting electric circuit and a digit-to-time converting method. The signal generating electric circuit includes: a first generating electric circuit configured for, based on a first frequency control word and a reference time unit, generating a periodic first output signal; and a second generating electric circuit configured for, based on a second frequency control word and the reference time unit, generating a periodic second output signal. The first frequency control word includes a first integer part and a first fractional part, the second frequency control word includes a second integer part and a second fractional part, the first integer part is equal to the second integer part, the first fractional part and the second fractional part are not equal, and a period of the first output signal and a period of the second output signal are not equal.

A signal generating electric circuit, a signal generating method, a digit-to-time converting electric circuit and a digit-to-time converting method. The signal generating electric circuit includes: a first generating electric circuit configured for, based on a first frequency control word and a reference time unit, generating a periodic first output signal; and a second generating electric circuit configured for, based on a second frequency control word and the reference time unit, generating a periodic second output signal. The first frequency control word includes a first integer part and a first fractional part, the second frequency control word includes a second integer part and a second fractional part, the first integer part is equal to the second integer part, the first fractional part and the second fractional part are not equal, and a period of the first output signal and a period of the second output signal are not equal.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to a ring oscillator (RO) frequency divider configured to frequency divide an input clock by a programmable divider ratio to generate an output clock. In this regard, the RO frequency divider receives the input clock, enables each of a ring of N cascaded inverter stages substantially one at a time in response to the input clock; and outputs a second clock from an output of one of the ring of N cascaded inverter stages. In one aspect, each stage includes a p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOS FET) coupled in series with an n-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (NMOS FET). In another, each stage includes two PMOS FETs and an NMOS FET.