A double-balanced radio-frequency (RF) mixing digital-to-analog converter (DAC) apparatus includes a load network, a first set of resistive DAC driver circuits and a first mixing core. The first mixing core can receive first RF input signals from the first set of resistive DAC driver circuits and can provide a first mixed signal to the load network. The first mixing core includes a first input differential pair coupled to two first cross-coupled differential pairs. The first input differential pair can receive first RF input signals at respective first input nodes. Each of the two first cross-coupled differential pairs can receive first positive and negative local oscillator (LO) signals at corresponding first input nodes. The first mixing core can mix the first RF input signals with the first positive and negative LO signals.

A modulator comprises one or more resonators. Each resonator has a light confining closed loop structure, such as a ring structure, and two, three or more electrodes associated with the light-confining structure, and may be a micro-resonator. An optical signal is modulated by a digital signal using the resonator. The procedure comprises obtaining the digital signal, mapping the signal using a mapping function to produce a transformed digital signal, the transformed digital signal being selected to produce, say linear, output from the resonator, inputting the transformed digital signal via electrodes onto the resonator; and modulating the optical signal via coupling from the resonator. Suitable mapping produces 16 QAM and other modulation schemes.

A modulator comprises one or more resonators. Each resonator has a light confining closed loop structure, such as a ring structure, and two, three or more electrodes associated with the light-confining structure, and may be a micro-resonator. An optical signal is modulated by a digital signal using the resonator. The procedure comprises obtaining the digital signal, mapping the signal using a mapping function to produce a transformed digital signal, the transformed digital signal being selected to produce, say linear, output from the resonator, inputting the transformed digital signal via electrodes onto the resonator; and modulating the optical signal via coupling from the resonator. Suitable mapping produces 16 QAM and other modulation schemes.

A circuit device includes an A/D conversion circuit that performs an A/D conversion of a temperature detection voltage, a digital filter that performs digital filter processing of A/D output temperature detection data, a selector that selects A/D output temperature detection data during an activation period and selects filter output temperature detection data during a normal operation period after the activation period, a digital signal processing circuit that outputs frequency control data of an oscillation frequency based on selector output temperature detection data, and an oscillation signal generation circuit that generates an oscillation signal of an oscillation frequency set by frequency control data.

Embodiments provide a device for removing noise of a power source and an apparatus for converting an audio signal, which remove a noise component which comes from a power source terminal of an audio signal converting apparatus stepwise and transfer power to a converting unit and an amplification unit included in the audio signal converting apparatus from a power source terminal to remove power noise.

Approaches useful to operation of scalable processors with ever larger numbers of logic devices (e.g., qubits) advantageously take advantage of QFPs, for example to implement shift registers, multiplexers (i.e., MUXs), de-multiplexers (i.e., DEMUXs), and permanent magnetic memories (i.e., PMMs), and the like, and/or employ XY or XYZ addressing schemes, and/or employ control lines that extend in a braided pattern across an array of devices. Many of these described approaches are particularly suited for implementing input to and/or output from such processors. Superconducting quantum processors comprising superconducting digital-analog converters (DACs) are provided. The DACs may use kinetic inductance to store energy via thin-film superconducting materials and/or series of Josephson junctions, and may use single-loop or multi-loop designs. Particular constructions of energy storage elements are disclosed, including meandering structures. Galvanic connections between DACs and/or with target devices are disclosed, as well as inductive connections.

A semiconductor device in which an increase of circuit area is prevented is provided. A semiconductor device including a control circuit with a plurality of scan chain circuits, a DA converter electrically connected to the control circuit, and a plurality of potential holding units electrically connected to the DA converter is provided. The plurality of potential holding units each include a transistor including an oxide semiconductor in a channel formation region and a capacitor electrically connected to the transistor. In accordance with digital data held in any one of the plurality of scan chain circuits, an output potential output from the DA converter is held in any one of the plurality of potential holding units.

A semiconductor device in which an increase of circuit area is prevented is provided. A semiconductor device including a control circuit with a plurality of scan chain circuits, a DA converter electrically connected to the control circuit, and a plurality of potential holding units electrically connected to the DA converter is provided. The plurality of potential holding units each include a transistor including an oxide semiconductor in a channel formation region and a capacitor electrically connected to the transistor. In accordance with digital data held in any one of the plurality of scan chain circuits, an output potential output from the DA converter is held in any one of the plurality of potential holding units.

Described herein are DACs with low distortion for high dynamic range (HDR), extremely high dynamic range (EHDR), and other suitable applications. Some embodiments relate to a device including a DAC configured for coupling to an amplifier via a force path and a sense path. For example, the DAC may provide output current to the amplifier via the force path, and the DAC may sense the input voltage of the amplifier via the sense path. Accordingly, distortion such as harmonic distortion and/or gain offset from parasitic impedances in the force and/or sense paths may be reduced or eliminated. Some embodiments relate to a DAC including a voltage reference generator configured to compensate for variations in impedances of the DAC, such as due to semiconductor process variation. Accordingly, distortion in the DAC output due to variations in the DAC impedances may be reduced or eliminated.

An apparatus that is comprised of a controller, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a temperature sensor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The controller to reads temperature data proportional to a temperature of the VCO, reads previously-calculated calibration data based on the read temperature data, determines a frequency command signal based on the read previously-calculated calibration data, and outputs the frequency command signal. The DAC converts the frequency command signal into a frequency analog signal. The temperature sensor produces the temperature signal. The ADC converts the temperature signal into the temperature data. The VCO produces an output frequency based on the frequency analog signal.