A novel and useful controlled quantum shift register for transporting particles from one quantum dot to another in a quantum structure. The shift register incorporates a succession of qdots with tunneling paths and control gates. Applying appropriate control signals to the control gates, a particle or a split quantum state is made to travel along the shift register. The shift register also includes ancillary double interaction where two pairs of quantum dots provide an ancillary function where the quantum state of one pair is replicated in the second pair. The shift register also provides bifurcation where an access path is split into two or more paths. Depending on the control pulse signals applied, quantum dots are extended into multiple paths. Control of the shift register is provided by electric control pulses. An optional auxiliary magnetic field provides additional control of the shift register.

The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling motor parameters. The system includes a feedforward processing module performing a linear processing on a control signal according to parameters; a control object module including a DAC digital to analog converter, an amplifying circuit and an ADC analog to digital converter, a control signal processed by the feedforward processing module passing through the DAC digital to analog converter, and amplified by the amplifier circuit, and passing through the ADC analog to digital converter to obtain a voltage vcm[n] and a current icm[n] across the motor; a system identification module including an LMS adaptive filter, a Least mean square filtering performed on an error signal err[n] between a measurement current icm[n] and a prediction current icp[n], results of iteration feed back to the feedforward processing module, and the feedback results applied to the next data acquisitions and parameters calculations.

The present application provides a vector quantization digital-to-analog conversion circuit, for converting a digital signal to an analog signal, characterized by comprises a vector quantization circuit, configured to receive the digital signal and generate a vector quantization signal; a data weighted averaging circuit, coupled to the vector quantization circuit, comprising a plurality of data weighted averaging sub-circuits, configured to receive the vector quantization signal to generate a plurality of data weighted averaging signals; and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, coupled to the data weighted averaging circuit, comprising a plurality of digital-to-analog conversion sub-circuits, configured to receive the data weighted averaging signal to generate the analog signal.

A digital microphone includes built-in self-test features. The features may include capability to apply different bias voltages to a MEMS capacitor sensor of the digital microphone, simulating application of different sound pressures to the digital microphone. The features may also include a digital oscillator, for applying a test signal to an analog front end of the microphone.

A digital microphone includes built-in self-test features. The features may include capability to apply different bias voltages to a MEMS capacitor sensor of the digital microphone, simulating application of different sound pressures to the digital microphone. The features may also include a digital oscillator, for applying a test signal to an analog front end of the microphone.

A direct digital synthesizer (DDS) is controlled by a suitably configured programmable logic device (PLD). The DDS includes a digital analog converter (DAC), and a coupled driver/buffer configured to drive relatively high capacitive loads with substantially rail to rail sinusoidal driver output signals and with little to no waveform distortion. The DAC includes a PMOS and NMOS DACs, and a switch configured to select the PMOS DAC for negative portions and the NMOS DAC for positive portions of an output analog signal generated by the DAC. The driver includes a pair of input differential amplifiers, PMOS and NMOS structures, which may be variable, and a pair of variable current sources. The PLD controls variable elements of the DDS to adjust the achievable positive and negative slew rates of the DDS, independently of one another, to reduce or eliminate risk of signal distortion while maintaining substantially stable rail to rail output.

A direct digital synthesizer (DDS) is controlled by a suitably configured programmable logic device (PLD). The DDS includes a digital analog converter (DAC), and a coupled driver/buffer configured to drive relatively high capacitive loads with substantially rail to rail sinusoidal driver output signals and with little to no waveform distortion. The DAC includes a PMOS and NMOS DACs, and a switch configured to select the PMOS DAC for negative portions and the NMOS DAC for positive portions of an output analog signal generated by the DAC. The driver includes a pair of input differential amplifiers, PMOS and NMOS structures, which may be variable, and a pair of variable current sources. The PLD controls variable elements of the DDS to adjust the achievable positive and negative slew rates of the DDS, independently of one another, to reduce or eliminate risk of signal distortion while maintaining substantially stable rail to rail output.

In method for processing a measured-value signal determined in an analog manner and a resolver system for implementing the method, the measured-value signal being supplied to a delta-sigma modulator, which makes a bit stream, particularly a one-bit data stream, available on the output side, in particular, whose moving average corresponds to the measured-value signal, the bit stream being supplied to a first digital filter, which converts the bit stream into a stream of digital intermediate words, that is a multibit data stream, the first digital filter having three serially arranged differentiators, the bit stream being clocked at a clock frequency f.sub.S, that is, at a clock-pulse period T.sub.S=1/f.sub.S, and therefore the stream of digital intermediate words being clocked, and thus updated, at a clock-pulse frequency f.sub.D, that is, at a clock-pulse period T.sub.D=1/f.sub.D, the output signal of the first digital filter being supplied to a second digital filter, the second digital filter having as its output data-word stream the difference between a first and a second result data-word stream, the first and second result data-word stream being determined around a first and second time interval from the intermediate data-word stream, the first and second time interval being situated at a distance in time T1, the first result data-word stream being determined as a time-discrete second derivation with time scale TD and the second result data-word stream being determined as a time-discrete second derivation with time scale TD.

A latch circuit includes a switch circuit, an input circuit, and an output circuit. The switch circuit is coupled between a first power node and a second power node, and includes a non-inverting output node and an inverting output node. The input circuit couples with the non-inverting output node and the inverting output node, and conducts the non-inverting output node with the second power node according to a clock signal and a data signal. The output circuit couples with the non-inverting output node, the inverting output node, the first power node, and the second power node. The output circuit conducts the non-inverting output node with the first power node according to the clock signal and the data signal. When the data signal is switched, the switch circuit sets a conductive path from the first power node to the second power node as an open circuit.

A latch circuit includes a switch circuit, an input circuit, and an output circuit. The switch circuit is coupled between a first power node and a second power node, and includes a non-inverting output node and an inverting output node. The input circuit couples with the non-inverting output node and the inverting output node, and conducts the non-inverting output node with the second power node according to a clock signal and a data signal. The output circuit couples with the non-inverting output node, the inverting output node, the first power node, and the second power node. The output circuit conducts the non-inverting output node with the first power node according to the clock signal and the data signal. When the data signal is switched, the switch circuit sets a conductive path from the first power node to the second power node as an open circuit.