Disclosed are an apparatus and method for transforming a matrix, and a data processing system. The apparatus may include: a first shift unit, configured to receive matrix data and perform first cyclic shift on the matrix data to generate first data; a cache unit, configured to write each row of data into the cache unit in the first data thereto in an order different from the order of respective data in the row of data to store the first data as second data; and a second shift unit, configured to read the second data from the cache unit and perform second cyclic shift on the second data to generate transformed matrix data.

A transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) codeword by performing LDPC encoding, an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword, and a modulator configured to modulate the interleaved LDPC codeword according to a modulation method to generate a modulation symbol. The interleaver performs interleaving by dividing the LDPC codeword into a plurality of groups, rearranging an order of the plurality of groups in group units, and dividing the plurality of rearranged groups based on a modulation order according to the modulation method.

A symmetric interleaver for a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) encoder and a circular padding mode are disclosed. The interleaver interleaves elements of an input block to form an output block in which an output neighborhood of elements for each element of the output block is symmetric to an input neighborhood of elements for each element of the input block. A position of an element of the input block is interleaved based on an index i of the position times a parameter δ modulo K in which the parameter δ is relatively prime with K. A test loss function may be used to train the encoder that includes a Binary Cross Entropy (BCE) loss function plus a function that minimizes a number of codeword pairs based on a Euclidean distance. The RNN encoder may be implemented as part of a Turbo Autoencoder (TurboAE) encoder.

A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder configured to encode input bits to generate parity bits; a parity permutator configured to perform parity permutation by interleaving the parity bits and group-wise interleaving a plurality of bit groups including the interleaved parity bits; and a puncturer configured to puncture some of the parity bits in the group-wise interleaved bit groups, wherein the parity permutator group-wise interleaves the bit groups such that some of the bit groups are positioned at predetermined positions, respectively, and a remainder of the bit groups are positioned without an order within the group-wise interleaved bit groups.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for interleaving coded bits. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a plurality of polar encoded bits using polar encoding. The WTRU may divide the plurality of polar encoded bits into sub-blocks of equal size in a sequential manner. The WTRU may apply sub-block wise interleaving to the sub-blocks using an interleaver pattern. The sub-blocks associated with a subset of the sub-blocks may be interleaved, and sub-blocks associated with another subset of the sub-blocks may not be interleaved. The sub-block wise interleaving may include applying interleaving across the sub-blocks without interleaving bits associated with each of the sub-blocks. The WTRU may concatenate bits from each of the interleaved sub-blocks to generate interleaved bits, and store the interleaved bits associated with the interleaved sub-blocks in a circular buffer. The WTRU may select a plurality of bits for transmission from the interleaved bits.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for interleaving coded bits. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a plurality of polar encoded bits using polar encoding. The WTRU may divide the plurality of polar encoded bits into sub-blocks of equal size in a sequential manner. The WTRU may apply sub-block wise interleaving to the sub-blocks using an interleaver pattern. The sub-blocks associated with a subset of the sub-blocks may be interleaved, and sub-blocks associated with another subset of the sub-blocks may not be interleaved. The sub-block wise interleaving may include applying interleaving across the sub-blocks without interleaving bits associated with each of the sub-blocks. The WTRU may concatenate bits from each of the interleaved sub-blocks to generate interleaved bits, and store the interleaved bits associated with the interleaved sub-blocks in a circular buffer. The WTRU may select a plurality of bits for transmission from the interleaved bits.

A digital radio OFDM modulator and demodulator provide an efficient mode and a backwards-compatible mode to work with IEEE 802.15.4g or a similar standard. In backwards-compatible mode, they use a single method for error encoding physical header and payload transmit data, and a single method for detecting and correcting errors in physical header and payload receive data. In efficient mode, they use two different methods. The payload is BCH-LDPC encoded. They may also use mapping constellations that are not available in IEEE 802.15.4g, including 64-QAM, 256-QAM, and APSK. To ensure that physical header data can be received more robustly than payload data, they use frequency diversity of the physical header data, and selection maximal ratio combining (SMRC) in the demodulator to reduce the bit error rate (BER) at a low cost.

The present technology relates to a data processing device and a data processing method, which are capable of securing excellent communication quality in data transmission using an LDPC code. In group-wise interleave, an LDPC code in which a code length N is 16200 bits and an encoding rate r is 10/15 or 12/15 is interleaved in units of bit groups of 360 bits. In group-wise deinterleave, a sequence of the LDPC code that has undergone the group-wise interleave is restored to an original sequence. For example, the present technology can be applied to a technique of performing data transmission using an LDPC code.

A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 16200 and a code rate of 4/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 64-symbol mapping.

A parity puncturing apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity puncturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes memory configured to provide a parity bit string for parity puncturing for the parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, and a processor configured to puncture a number of bits corresponding to a final puncturing size from the rear side of the parity bit string.