In one embodiment, a method includes generating a first trace request at an initiator node configured for segment routing, the first trace request comprising a query for FEC (Forwarding Equivalence Class) information, transmitting the first trace request on a path comprising at least one node wherein FEC details for the node are unknown by the initiator node, receiving a response to the first trace request comprising the FEC information, transmitting a second trace request with the FEC information, and receiving a response to the second trace request providing FEC validation. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

In one embodiment, techniques for adaptive forward error correction (FEC) in LPWANS are disclosed. The techniques may include determining, by a process, for a block of messages transmitted through a computer network with forward error correction, whether any unrecovered data loss occurred during transmission; increasing, by the process, a level of forward error correction used to transmit through the computer network in response to unrecovered data loss; and/or decreasing, by the process, the level of forward error correction used to transmit through the computer network in response to no unrecovered data loss.

A frame error correction circuit may identify and correct errors in data frames provided to a receiver as part of a diversity communications scheme. The frame error correction circuit may further align the data frames so that the data frames can be compared. The frame error correction circuit may perform a bit-wise comparison of the data frames and identify inconsistent bit positions where bits in the data frames differ from one another. Once inconsistent bit positions have been identified, the frame error correction circuit may access a permutation table of permutations of bits at the inconsistent bit positions. In some implementations, the frame error correction circuit uses the permutation table to reassemble permutations of the data frames. In various implementations, the frame error correction circuit performs a CRC of each permutation of the data frames, and provides a valid permutation to a network.

A frame error correction circuit may identify and correct errors in data frames provided to a receiver as part of a diversity communications scheme. The frame error correction circuit may further align the data frames so that the data frames can be compared. The frame error correction circuit may perform a bit-wise comparison of the data frames and identify inconsistent bit positions where bits in the data frames differ from one another. Once inconsistent bit positions have been identified, the frame error correction circuit may access a permutation table of permutations of bits at the inconsistent bit positions. In some implementations, the frame error correction circuit uses the permutation table to reassemble permutations of the data frames. In various implementations, the frame error correction circuit performs a CRC of each permutation of the data frames, and provides a valid permutation to a network.

An error correcting method is provided, which includes the following steps. An error value is obtained. The error value is substituted into an error correcting function, so that the error correcting function causes the error value to converge to 0 in a finite time. The error correcting function conforms to a non-Lipschitzian characteristic. An embodiment of the disclosure solves the problem in traditional system stability analysis through a differential equation, adjusts parameters to detei nine a convergence time, and ensures that a convergence target fully conforms to an expected value and that a unique solution of the error value is 0.

An error correcting method is provided, which includes the following steps. An error value is obtained. The error value is substituted into an error correcting function, so that the error correcting function causes the error value to converge to 0 in a finite time. The error correcting function conforms to a non-Lipschitzian characteristic. An embodiment of the disclosure solves the problem in traditional system stability analysis through a differential equation, adjusts parameters to detei nine a convergence time, and ensures that a convergence target fully conforms to an expected value and that a unique solution of the error value is 0.

Information is efficiently communicated while high secrecy is maintained in a network in which eavesdropping, error, and falsification occur. A control device of a communication network including a plurality of nodes and links each connecting two of the nodes includes a first instruction unit 110 configured to instruct a source node among the plurality of nodes whether to perform MRD encoding when the source node performs transmission, a random number transmission unit 120 configured to transmit a random number in accordance with a maximum number of links susceptible to eavesdropping among the links to the source node in a case in which the source node is instructed to perform MRD encoding by the first instruction unit, and a second instruction unit 130 configured to instruct each of the plurality of nodes whether to perform OTP encryption when the node performs transmission to another node.

Described herein are systems, methods, and other techniques for performing forward error correction in a communication system. A set of data blocks to be transmitted over a wireless channel are received. Rows of a flexible matrix are formed using the set of data blocks based on arrival times of the set of data blocks, each of the rows corresponding to a different time window. A set of random parity blocks are computed by performing row-wise parity operations on the flexible matrix. A set of burst parity blocks are computed by performing column-wise parity operations on the flexible matrix in accordance with a burst parity computation scheme. The set of data blocks, the set of random parity blocks, and the set of burst parity blocks are transmitted over the wireless channel to a receiver.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to over-puncture mitigation. A device may generate a frame comprising a payload having a payload size associated with a number of bits. The device may determine a low-density parity-check (LDPC) codeword size based on the payload size. The device may calculate a number of codewords based on the payload size. The device may calculate a number of shortening bits and a number of LDPC padding bits based on the number of codewords. The device may calculate a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols for containing the number of codewords. The device may cause to send the frame with the number of OFDM symbols to a station device.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to over-puncture mitigation. A device may generate a frame comprising a payload having a payload size associated with a number of bits. The device may determine a low-density parity-check (LDPC) codeword size based on the payload size. The device may calculate a number of codewords based on the payload size. The device may calculate a number of shortening bits and a number of LDPC padding bits based on the number of codewords. The device may calculate a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols for containing the number of codewords. The device may cause to send the frame with the number of OFDM symbols to a station device.