Certain embodiments herein relate to reducing impairments in signals transmitted over a service provider network. A selective filtering device may be placed at various locations in the service provider network to reduce the noise. For example, the devices may be located in, coupled to, or otherwise associated with a tap, an optical node, an amplifier, or other location in the service provider network that may be upstream from user devices at customer premises locations. The selective filtering device may be selective in the way that it may use various types of filtering techniques to eliminate or reduce the noise in a signal. Such techniques may be based on the power densities of carriers and noise in the signal, as well as information associated with scheduled communications in the service provider network.

Certain embodiments herein relate to reducing impairments in signals transmitted over a service provider network. A selective filtering device may be placed at various locations in the service provider network to reduce the noise. For example, the devices may be located in, coupled to, or otherwise associated with a tap, an optical node, an amplifier, or other location in the service provider network that may be upstream from user devices at customer premises locations. The selective filtering device may be selective in the way that it may use various types of filtering techniques to eliminate or reduce the noise in a signal. Such techniques may be based on the power densities of carriers and noise in the signal, as well as information associated with scheduled communications in the service provider network.

Certain embodiments herein relate to reducing impairments in signals transmitted over a service provider network. A selective filtering device may be placed at various locations in the service provider network to reduce the noise. For example, the devices may be located in, coupled to, or otherwise associated with a tap, an optical node, an amplifier, or other location in the service provider network that may be upstream from user devices at customer premises locations. The selective filtering device may be selective in the way that it may use various types of filtering techniques to eliminate or reduce the noise in a signal. Such techniques may be based on the power densities of carriers and noise in the signal, as well as information associated with scheduled communications in the service provider network.

Certain embodiments herein relate to reducing impairments in signals transmitted over a service provider network. A selective filtering device may be placed at various locations in the service provider network to reduce the noise. For example, the devices may be located in, coupled to, or otherwise associated with a tap, an optical node, an amplifier, or other location in the service provider network that may be upstream from user devices at customer premises locations. The selective filtering device may be selective in the way that it may use various types of filtering techniques to eliminate or reduce the noise in a signal. Such techniques may be based on the power densities of carriers and noise in the signal, as well as information associated with scheduled communications in the service provider network.

A car integrated management system has a plurality of communication apparatuses, each including: an extraction unit to extract entries from a table; an address unit to generate a destination address of a packet, using information to identify a subnet connected to each of the communication apparatuses, and to generate a next hop address that indicates an address of a transfer destination to which the packet is to be transferred, using information to identify each of the communication apparatuses, the subnet identification information and the communication apparatus identification information being included in entry extracted by the extraction unit; an acquisition unit to acquire information about an IP port to be used for sending the packet to a communication apparatus at the next hop address; and an entry addition unit to add information about the destination address, the next hop address, and the IP port to a routing table.

A car integrated management system has a plurality of communication apparatuses, each including: an extraction unit to extract entries from a table; an address unit to generate a destination address of a packet, using information to identify a subnet connected to each of the communication apparatuses, and to generate a next hop address that indicates an address of a transfer destination to which the packet is to be transferred, using information to identify each of the communication apparatuses, the subnet identification information and the communication apparatus identification information being included in entry extracted by the extraction unit; an acquisition unit to acquire information about an IP port to be used for sending the packet to a communication apparatus at the next hop address; and an entry addition unit to add information about the destination address, the next hop address, and the IP port to a routing table.

Embodiments may provide a radiation hardened 10BASE-T Ethernet interface circuit suitable for space flight and in compliance with the IEEE 802.3 standard for Ethernet. The various embodiments may provide a 10BASE-T Ethernet interface circuit, comprising a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a transmitter circuit connected to the FPGA, a receiver circuit connected to the FPGA, and a transformer connected to the transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit. In the various embodiments, the FPGA, transmitter circuit, receiver circuit, and transformer may be radiation hardened.

Embodiments may provide a radiation hardened 10BASE-T Ethernet interface circuit suitable for space flight and in compliance with the IEEE 802.3 standard for Ethernet. The various embodiments may provide a 10BASE-T Ethernet interface circuit, comprising a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a transmitter circuit connected to the FPGA, a receiver circuit connected to the FPGA, and a transformer connected to the transmitter circuit and the receiver circuit. In the various embodiments, the FPGA, transmitter circuit, receiver circuit, and transformer may be radiation hardened.

Disclosed are systems, devices and methods for providing solar lighting and power to a customer by using pay-as-you-go (PAYG) technology. The PAYG technology allows a customer to make incremental payments for a solar energy system that includes a lighting unit. The payments can be made through a smartphone. A cable is used to connect an audio jack of the smartphone and a PV power jack of the lighting unit. Analog AC signals including data about activation, payment, usage and status are transmitted over the cable between the service provider and lighting unit, through a smartphone. The power jack of the lighting unit is also used to connect to a solar panel of a charging unit and a battery of the lighting unit.

Control module(s) and safety link(s) for ship communications arranging for emergency shutdown ESD communication between an unloading storage facility for hazardous goods on either ship or shore and a loading storage facility for hazardous goods on either ship or shore, with at least one umbilical line, connectors for coupling the control module(s) with the lines, the lines using bidirectional communication between a ship type control module and a shore type control module, and a transfer switch to switch the communication mode of the concerning control module between ship type and shore type.