A radio communication apparatus capable of alleviating a burden in setting a transmission format and suppressing increases in the scale of the apparatus. In this apparatus, space multiplexing adaptability detection section detects space multiplexing transmission adaptability for divided bands obtained by dividing a communication band to which Ns subcarrier signals belong in multicarrier transmission and to which a plurality of subcarrier signals belong, and outputs the detection results. Transmission format setting section sets a transmission format when carrying out radio transmission based on the detection results from space multiplexing adaptability detection section.

Systems and methods are described herein for multi-mode compensation of frequency errors within signals transmitted and received by a mobile terminal. The frequency error can be due to Doppler shift and oscillator error, which introduce opposite frequency shifts. In an acquisition mode, the mobile terminal initially compensates for the oscillator error while transmitting a signal to a communication system that contains the Doppler shift. Upon receiving a message from the communication system indicating the Doppler shift contained in the transmit signal, the mobile terminal can then switch to a tracking mode that can compensate for both Doppler shift and oscillator error.

Systems and methods are described herein for multi-mode compensation of frequency errors within signals transmitted and received by a mobile terminal. The frequency error can be due to Doppler shift and oscillator error, which introduce opposite frequency shifts. In an acquisition mode, the mobile terminal initially compensates for the oscillator error while transmitting a signal to a communication system that contains the Doppler shift. Upon receiving a message from the communication system indicating the Doppler shift contained in the transmit signal, the mobile terminal can then switch to a tracking mode that can compensate for both Doppler shift and oscillator error.

The present disclosure provides a method for determining a Doppler frequency shift of a wireless signal directly reflected by a moving object. An example method includes eliminating a random phase shift caused by non-synchronization between a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device by using conjugate multiplication of the channel state information (CSI) on two antennas, thereby obtaining the complete Doppler frequency shift information from the phase information of the channel state information. The example method eliminates the effect on the Doppler frequency shift caused by frequency information of static paths in a manner of removing the mean, thereby obtaining an accurate frequency estimation of the moving object. A Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm may be used to estimate a frequency spectrum according to practical sampling intervals to avoid an effect on the frequency estimation accuracy caused by uneven sampling rate in a practical wireless transceiving system.

The present disclosure provides a method for determining a Doppler frequency shift of a wireless signal directly reflected by a moving object. An example method includes eliminating a random phase shift caused by non-synchronization between a wireless transmitting device and a wireless receiving device by using conjugate multiplication of the channel state information (CSI) on two antennas, thereby obtaining the complete Doppler frequency shift information from the phase information of the channel state information. The example method eliminates the effect on the Doppler frequency shift caused by frequency information of static paths in a manner of removing the mean, thereby obtaining an accurate frequency estimation of the moving object. A Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm may be used to estimate a frequency spectrum according to practical sampling intervals to avoid an effect on the frequency estimation accuracy caused by uneven sampling rate in a practical wireless transceiving system.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe systems, devices, and methods that may provide channel estimation and compensation in high speed scenarios, which may include user equipment carried on a high speed train. Embodiments may employ cell-specific reference signal (CRS)-based time-domain channel estimation and compensation.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe systems, devices, and methods that may provide channel estimation and compensation in high speed scenarios, which may include user equipment carried on a high speed train. Embodiments may employ cell-specific reference signal (CRS)-based time-domain channel estimation and compensation.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may operate in a discontinuous reception mode, receive configuration signaling configuring the UE with a quantity of carrier aggregation wakeup configurations, as well as receive, while operating in a discontinuous reception mode, a wakeup signal using at least one component carrier. The UE may identify a configuration indicator indicating a first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration of the quantity of carrier aggregation wakeup configurations based on the wakeup signal, and identify a second component carrier based on the first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration. Upon identifying the second component carrier, the UE may monitor a control channel of the second component carrier based on the first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may operate in a discontinuous reception mode, receive configuration signaling configuring the UE with a quantity of carrier aggregation wakeup configurations, as well as receive, while operating in a discontinuous reception mode, a wakeup signal using at least one component carrier. The UE may identify a configuration indicator indicating a first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration of the quantity of carrier aggregation wakeup configurations based on the wakeup signal, and identify a second component carrier based on the first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration. Upon identifying the second component carrier, the UE may monitor a control channel of the second component carrier based on the first carrier aggregation wakeup configuration.

A method and system for self-contained growth and harvesting of plant and animal foodstuffs and energy generation for terrestrial and non-terrestrial uses. The system can be self-contained and sealed from an ambient atmosphere wherein sufficient oxygen and carbon dioxide levels are maintained (bio-regenerative) to support human life. The system and method may utilize aquaculture and hydroponic plant growth with a digester for converting waste into nutrients. Water may circulate among the digester, aquaculture tanks and hydroponic growth tanks. The method may be scalable to support varying quantities of human life. The system and method may generate energy and consume greater quantities of carbon dioxide than generated. The system may be energy self-sufficient utilizing solar, wind or other energy sources such as generated methane gas.