A terminal includes a receiving unit configured to receive information relating to an arrangement of a tracking reference signal and a plurality of tracking reference signals based on the information relating to the arrangement of the tracking reference signal, and a controller configured to perform a Doppler estimation using two of the plurality of tracking reference signals, wherein an interval between the two of the plurality of tracking reference signals in a time domain is variable.

A network node and a method for transmitting a Transmission Configuration Indication, TCI, update to a UE. The network node associates a first transmit beam with a first reference signal having first Quasi Co-Location, QCL, channel properties. The first transmit beam gives the same first QCL channel properties and is used in data transmission to the UE. Further, the network node determines second QCL channel properties given by a second transmit beam when a beam change is triggered. When the second QCL channel properties is within a QCL channel property range of a second reference signal and when the second reference signal has third QCL channel properties being different from the first QCL channel properties, the network node associates the second transmit beam with the second reference signal, and transmits, to the UE, a TCI update having an indication of the second reference signal.

A network node and a method for transmitting a Transmission Configuration Indication, TCI, update to a UE. The network node associates a first transmit beam with a first reference signal having first Quasi Co-Location, QCL, channel properties. The first transmit beam gives the same first QCL channel properties and is used in data transmission to the UE. Further, the network node determines second QCL channel properties given by a second transmit beam when a beam change is triggered. When the second QCL channel properties is within a QCL channel property range of a second reference signal and when the second reference signal has third QCL channel properties being different from the first QCL channel properties, the network node associates the second transmit beam with the second reference signal, and transmits, to the UE, a TCI update having an indication of the second reference signal.

A method and device are provided suited to estimating a frequency value for aeronautical communication between a first station and an airborne system moving in relation to the first station, the data being transmitted in the form of a succession of frames, a frame comprising at least one first header field of known data followed by one or more fields of unknown data, and having at least the following steps: Step 1: performance of a supervised correlation on the known data (300) of the header, and estimation of a first frequency range centered on a frequency ; Step 2: production of a blind correlation on at least all of the unknown data of a field of data, by looking for a correlation peak over the frequency range +/, as determined in step 1, and by retaining of the frequency corresponding to the correlation peak.

A method and device are provided suited to estimating a frequency value for aeronautical communication between a first station and an airborne system moving in relation to the first station, the data being transmitted in the form of a succession of frames, a frame comprising at least one first header field of known data followed by one or more fields of unknown data, and having at least the following steps: Step 1: performance of a supervised correlation on the known data (300) of the header, and estimation of a first frequency range centered on a frequency ; Step 2: production of a blind correlation on at least all of the unknown data of a field of data, by looking for a correlation peak over the frequency range +/, as determined in step 1, and by retaining of the frequency corresponding to the correlation peak.

A Least Mean Squares (LMS) polynomial estimator is disclosed. The LMS polynomial estimator may be a LMS moving window polynomial estimator capable of performing real-time polynomial estimation and evaluation of successive time derivatives of a function of a single variable up to a specified polynomial order. The estimator makes a unique use system memory that allows for the evaluation of the least squares normal equations with a very low computational footprint. This allows the estimator to be realizable in computationally-constrained environments such as embedded systems. The LMS polynomial estimator may be implemented in a frequency estimator for estimation of the phase, frequency, Doppler, delta Doppler, and/or higher order time derivatives of phase. Estimates may be performed in real time, running at the same rate as the inbound signal.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a coupling device including a first antenna that radiates a first RF signal conveying first data; and a second antenna that radiates a second RF signal conveying the first data from the at least one transmitting device. The first RF signal and second RF signal form a combined RF signal that is bound by an outer surface of a transmission medium to propagate as a guided electromagnetic wave substantially in a single longitudinal direction along the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a coupling device including a first antenna that radiates a first RF signal conveying first data; and a second antenna that radiates a second RF signal conveying the first data from the at least one transmitting device. The first RF signal and second RF signal form a combined RF signal that is bound by an outer surface of a transmission medium to propagate as a guided electromagnetic wave substantially in a single longitudinal direction along the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Diversity receiver front end system with amplifier phase compensation. A receiving system can include a first amplifier disposed along a first path, corresponding to a first frequency band, between an input of the receiving system and an output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a second amplifier disposed along a second path, corresponding to a second frequency band, between the input of the receiving system and the output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a first phase-shift component disposed along the first path and configured to phase-shift the second frequency band of a signal passing through the first phase-shift component based on a phase-shift caused by the first amplifier at the second frequency band.

Diversity receiver front end system with amplifier phase compensation. A receiving system can include a first amplifier disposed along a first path, corresponding to a first frequency band, between an input of the receiving system and an output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a second amplifier disposed along a second path, corresponding to a second frequency band, between the input of the receiving system and the output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a first phase-shift component disposed along the first path and configured to phase-shift the second frequency band of a signal passing through the first phase-shift component based on a phase-shift caused by the first amplifier at the second frequency band.