In order to provide a submarine optical transmission system that utilizes multiple wavelength bands, the submarine branching apparatus is provided with: a first demultiplexing part for demultiplexing a wavelength-multiplex optical signal input from a first terminal station into a first wavelength-multiplex optical signal and a second wavelength-multiplex optical signal; an optical add-drop part for outputting at least a third wavelength-multiplex optical signal included in the first wavelength-multiplex optical signal to a second terminal station, and for outputting a fifth wavelength-multiplex optical signal by multiplexing at least a fourth wavelength-multiplex optical signal included in the first wavelength-multiplex optical signal with a wavelength-multiplex optical signal input from the second terminal station; and a first multiplex part for multiplex the second wavelength-multiplex optical signal with the fifth wavelength-multiplex optical signal input from the optical add-drop part and outputting the resulting signal to a third terminal station.

An example system includes a transceiver and a microcontroller. The microcontroller is configured to receive first messages from a hub node via first network interfaces of the transceiver, and determine first logical identifiers associated with ingress data flows. Further, the microcontroller is configured to receive second messages from leaf nodes via second network interfaces of the transceiver, and determine second logical identifies associated with egress data flows. Further, the microcontroller is configured to generate a resource assignment map based on the first and logical identifiers, and to generate a command to cause the transceiver to transmit the egress data flows in accordance with the resource assignment map. The resource map indicates pairings between the ingress data flows and the egress data flows, and, for each of the pairings, a respective network resource assigned to transmit the egress data flow of the pairing to a respective one of the leaf nodes.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses, among other things, may integrate one or more first alarms reported by routers and Ethernet switches with one or more second alarms reported by reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs) and optical transport network (OTN) network elements. Moreover, one or more troubleshooting actions may be performed based on the integrated first alarms and second alarms.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses, among other things, may integrate one or more first alarms reported by routers and Ethernet switches with one or more second alarms reported by reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs) and optical transport network (OTN) network elements. Moreover, one or more troubleshooting actions may be performed based on the integrated first alarms and second alarms.

An optical add/drop multiplexer includes: a first wavelength selector configured to output an optical signal of each wavelength of an inputted first wavelength multiplexed signal while selecting a path for each wavelength; a measurement circuit configured to measure optical power of an inputted optical signal; and a second wavelength selector including a circuit configured to output an optical signal of each wavelength of the first wavelength multiplexed signal while selecting a path for each wavelength, in place of the first wavelength selector when an abnormality occurs in the first wavelength selector, and a circuit configured to output an inputted second wavelength multiplexed signal for each prescribed wavelength unit to the measurement circuit when the first wavelength selector normally operates.

An optical add/drop multiplexer includes: a first wavelength selector configured to output an optical signal of each wavelength of an inputted first wavelength multiplexed signal while selecting a path for each wavelength; a measurement circuit configured to measure optical power of an inputted optical signal; and a second wavelength selector including a circuit configured to output an optical signal of each wavelength of the first wavelength multiplexed signal while selecting a path for each wavelength, in place of the first wavelength selector when an abnormality occurs in the first wavelength selector, and a circuit configured to output an inputted second wavelength multiplexed signal for each prescribed wavelength unit to the measurement circuit when the first wavelength selector normally operates.

A high-density networking system includes first networking device(s) coupled to a second networking device. The second networking device has a port row including first ports and a first subset of third ports, and second ports and a second subset of third ports that are each moveable relative to the first ports and the first subset of third ports, with the third ports coupled to the first networking device(s). The second networking device includes a switch device coupling the third ports to its processing system. The switch device in second networking device routes data from the processing system through a network via the first subset of third ports/first networking device(s), determines that data received from the processing system cannot reach the network via the first subset of third ports and, in response, routes data received from the processing system through the network via the second subset of third ports/first networking device(s).

A high-density networking system includes first networking device(s) coupled to a second networking device. The second networking device has a port row including first ports and a first subset of third ports, and second ports and a second subset of third ports that are each moveable relative to the first ports and the first subset of third ports, with the third ports coupled to the first networking device(s). The second networking device includes a switch device coupling the third ports to its processing system. The switch device in second networking device routes data from the processing system through a network via the first subset of third ports/first networking device(s), determines that data received from the processing system cannot reach the network via the first subset of third ports and, in response, routes data received from the processing system through the network via the second subset of third ports/first networking device(s).

A communication device comprises: a plurality of distributed units (DUs), each including an antenna; and a central unit (CU) which is arranged to be spaced from each of the plurality of DUs, and which is connected through each of the plurality of DUs and a plurality of DU links. The central unit measures the channel quality of each of the plurality of DU links, and the central unit can perform control so that power is cut off to the DU corresponding to the DU link if it is determined that the DU link is in an abnormal status during the operation time of a timer (T.sub.DU_link) associated with the connection to the DU link, and perform control so that power is supplied to the DU corresponding to the DU link if it is determined that the DU link has returned to a normal status.

A fully connectorized optic fiber tap assembly is described that includes a first upstream connector interface configured to receive a downstream connector of a first upstream optic fiber line, and a first downstream connector interface configured to receive an upstream connector of a first downstream optic fiber line. The tap assembly further includes a set of service drop line connector interfaces. Moreover, an optic fiber tap of the assembly is configured to: receive an optical signal from the upstream connector interface, extract a portion of the optical signal, direct the extracted portion of the optical signal to the set of service drop line connector interfaces, and pass a remaining portion of the optical signal to the downstream connector interface. The fully connectorized optic fiber tap assembly is configured to be connected to the first upstream optic fiber line and the first downstream optic fiber line without splicing.