A transmission pipe configuration method, including receiving a device address of a first network domain, a device address of a second network domain from, generating an identifier of a transmission pipe based on the device address of the first network domain and the device address of the second network domain, where the transmission pipe connects a first border transport device and a second border transport device, and sending to the first border transport device, the identifier of the transmission pipe and the device address that is of the second network domain and that corresponds to the transmission pipe. The identifier of the transmission pipe and the device address are used to generate a forwarding table of the first border transport device, the forwarding table indicating a forwarding relationship where service data is forwarded from the first network domain to the second network domain using the transmission pipe.

A transmission pipe configuration method, including receiving a device address of a first network domain, a device address of a second network domain from, generating an identifier of a transmission pipe based on the device address of the first network domain and the device address of the second network domain, where the transmission pipe connects a first border transport device and a second border transport device, and sending to the first border transport device, the identifier of the transmission pipe and the device address that is of the second network domain and that corresponds to the transmission pipe. The identifier of the transmission pipe and the device address are used to generate a forwarding table of the first border transport device, the forwarding table indicating a forwarding relationship where service data is forwarded from the first network domain to the second network domain using the transmission pipe.

An adjustable micro-optoelectronic system supporting bidirectional transmission, an online upgrade, and online configuration. The system includes: a substrate; and edge connectors, a clock-and-data recovery (CDR) chip for transmitting, a CDR chip for receiving, a microprocessor, and an internal optical system, which are provided on the substrate. The edge connectors serve as an interface of a high-speed electrical signal, and are configured to exchange information between the micro-optoelectronic system and an external environment. The internal optical system is configured to transmit and receive an optical signal. A link for the high-speed electrical signal is connected among the edge connectors, the CDR chip for transmitting, the internal optical system, and the CDR chip for receiving. A communication connection is provided between the microprocessor and each of the edge connectors, the CDR chip for transmitting, the CDR chip for receiving, and the internal optical system.

An adjustable micro-optoelectronic system supporting bidirectional transmission, an online upgrade, and online configuration. The system includes: a substrate; and edge connectors, a clock-and-data recovery (CDR) chip for transmitting, a CDR chip for receiving, a microprocessor, and an internal optical system, which are provided on the substrate. The edge connectors serve as an interface of a high-speed electrical signal, and are configured to exchange information between the micro-optoelectronic system and an external environment. The internal optical system is configured to transmit and receive an optical signal. A link for the high-speed electrical signal is connected among the edge connectors, the CDR chip for transmitting, the internal optical system, and the CDR chip for receiving. A communication connection is provided between the microprocessor and each of the edge connectors, the CDR chip for transmitting, the CDR chip for receiving, and the internal optical system.

Disclosed herein are switch devices in terminal ends of a network and methods of using same. One embodiment relates to a terminal end of a network including a terminal end transceiver configured to communicate with one or more end user devices, and a switch device configured to automatically route communication at the terminal end transceiver between a primary communication path with a central office and an auxiliary communication path with the central office. Another embodiment relates to a method of switching between primary and auxiliary communication paths at a terminal end. Automatic switching is particularly applicable in a looped communication architecture with redundant communication paths for preventing interruption and increasing reliability for an improved user experience. Another embodiment relates to indexing with splices to reduce connections in a communication path and increase signal quality.

Disclosed herein are switch devices in terminal ends of a network and methods of using same. One embodiment relates to a terminal end of a network including a terminal end transceiver configured to communicate with one or more end user devices, and a switch device configured to automatically route communication at the terminal end transceiver between a primary communication path with a central office and an auxiliary communication path with the central office. Another embodiment relates to a method of switching between primary and auxiliary communication paths at a terminal end. Automatic switching is particularly applicable in a looped communication architecture with redundant communication paths for preventing interruption and increasing reliability for an improved user experience. Another embodiment relates to indexing with splices to reduce connections in a communication path and increase signal quality.

Provided is a method for determining actual values of one or more characteristics of a phase-modulated optical signal. The method includes the steps of acquiring the phase-modulated optical signal by a non-linear device; generating an electrical spectrum based on the acquired phase-modulated optical signal; and extracting actual values of one or more characteristics of the phase-modulated optical signal from the electrical spectrum.

Provided is a method for determining actual values of one or more characteristics of a phase-modulated optical signal. The method includes the steps of acquiring the phase-modulated optical signal by a non-linear device; generating an electrical spectrum based on the acquired phase-modulated optical signal; and extracting actual values of one or more characteristics of the phase-modulated optical signal from the electrical spectrum.

This application provides example optical communications apparatuses. One example optical communications apparatus includes a control apparatus and an optical module matching apparatus. The control apparatus can output a first control signal to the control end. An input end of the optical module matching apparatus can connect to a first optical module and receive a first electrical signal output by the first optical module. An output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a first serial signal. The control apparatus can output a second control signal to the control end. The input end of the optical module matching apparatus can receive a second electrical signal output by the second optical module. The output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a second serial signal. The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can have different level types.

This application provides example optical communications apparatuses. One example optical communications apparatus includes a control apparatus and an optical module matching apparatus. The control apparatus can output a first control signal to the control end. An input end of the optical module matching apparatus can connect to a first optical module and receive a first electrical signal output by the first optical module. An output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a first serial signal. The control apparatus can output a second control signal to the control end. The input end of the optical module matching apparatus can receive a second electrical signal output by the second optical module. The output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a second serial signal. The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can have different level types.