Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and system for beam forming and beam steering within ultra-wideband, wireless optical communication devices and systems. According to one embodiment, a free space optical (FSO) communication apparatus is disclosed. The FSO communication apparatus includes an array of optical sources wherein each optical source of the array of optical sources is individually controllable and each optical source configured to have a transient response time of less than 500 picoseconds (ps).

Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and system for beam forming and beam steering within ultra-wideband, wireless optical communication devices and systems. According to one embodiment, a free space optical (FSO) communication apparatus is disclosed. The FSO communication apparatus includes an array of optical sources wherein each optical source of the array of optical sources is individually controllable and each optical source configured to have a transient response time of less than 500 picoseconds (ps).

A method (10) of changing operating mode of an optical amplifier in an amplifier chain in an optical network, the optical amplifier initially configured to operate in a first mode to apply a substantially constant first gain to an optical signal comprising a plurality of optical channels, the method comprising, after a time period unique to the optical amplifier within the amplifier chain (12), configuring the optical amplifier to operate in a second mode to apply a second gain to the optical signal so that the optical power of the optical signal is maintained at a target optical power dependent on a current plurality of optical channels in the optical signal (14).

The present invention discloses a d-dimensional chain teleportation method for random transmission based on measurement results of relay nodes. The method includes: two communicating parties are an information sender Alice and an information receiver Bob, a particle t carries an unknown quantum state and is held by the information sender Alice, Alice holds the particle t and a particle A.sub.1, a first intermediate node Charlie 1 holds a particle B.sub.1 and a particle A.sub.2, a second intermediate node Charlie 2 holds a particle B.sub.2 and a particle A.sub.3, . . . , and a k.sup.th(k=1, 2, 3, . . . , P) intermediate node Charlie k holds a particle B.sub.k and a particle A.sub.k+1. The beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: any relay node can randomly transmit its generalized Bell measurement result to the information sender Alice or the information receiver Bob, thereby greatly reducing connection restrictions of a classical channel.

The present invention discloses a d-dimensional chain teleportation method for random transmission based on measurement results of relay nodes. The method includes: two communicating parties are an information sender Alice and an information receiver Bob, a particle t carries an unknown quantum state and is held by the information sender Alice, Alice holds the particle t and a particle A.sub.1, a first intermediate node Charlie 1 holds a particle B.sub.1 and a particle A.sub.2, a second intermediate node Charlie 2 holds a particle B.sub.2 and a particle A.sub.3, . . . , and a k.sup.th(k=1, 2, 3, . . . , P) intermediate node Charlie k holds a particle B.sub.k and a particle A.sub.k+1. The beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: any relay node can randomly transmit its generalized Bell measurement result to the information sender Alice or the information receiver Bob, thereby greatly reducing connection restrictions of a classical channel.

[Problem] To suppress the number of man-hours required to handle design changes accompanying a change in heat generation in an internal unit stored inside an electric device.

[Solution] The present invention includes: at least one internal unit, which is a heat generating body and has a prescribed cross-sectional external shape; at least one heat conduction unit, which is a good conductor of heat and has a prescribed cross-sectional external shape; and a device housing in which two or more of the internal unit and the heat conduction unit can be stored in a state of being adjacent to each other with the prescribed cross-sectional external shapes thereof overlapping each other, the device housing thermally connecting to the stored internal unit or the stored heat conduction unit.

[Problem] To suppress the number of man-hours required to handle design changes accompanying a change in heat generation in an internal unit stored inside an electric device.

[Solution] The present invention includes: at least one internal unit, which is a heat generating body and has a prescribed cross-sectional external shape; at least one heat conduction unit, which is a good conductor of heat and has a prescribed cross-sectional external shape; and a device housing in which two or more of the internal unit and the heat conduction unit can be stored in a state of being adjacent to each other with the prescribed cross-sectional external shapes thereof overlapping each other, the device housing thermally connecting to the stored internal unit or the stored heat conduction unit.

Systems and methods are provided for amplifying optical signals within one of two optical bands, such as C-band and L-band. An optical amplifying device, according to one implementation, may include a shared optical coil configured to propagate an optical signal. The optical amplifying device may further include a first junction configured to separate the shared optical coil into a first-band optical fiber and a second-band optical coil and a pump device configured to amplify the optical signal in the shared optical coil and the second-band optical coil. The first-band optical fiber may be configured to propagate the optical signal when the optical signal resides in a channel of a first plurality of channels within a first optical band. The second-band optical coil may be configured to propagate the optical signal when the optical signal resides in a channel of a second plurality of channels within a second optical band.

A coherent passive optical network extender apparatus includes an extender transceiver for communication with an associated optical headend. The extender transceiver includes at least one receiving portion, at least one transmitting portion, and an extension processor. The apparatus further includes a signal adaptation unit configured to convert a downstream electrical transmission lane into a plurality of individual wavelengths. Each of the converted individual wavelengths are for transmission to one of an optical node and an end user. The apparatus further includes a plurality of transceivers, disposed within the signal adaptation unit, and configured to process and transmit the converted individual wavelengths as a bundle for retransmission to the respective end users.

A coherent passive optical network extender apparatus includes an extender transceiver for communication with an associated optical headend. The extender transceiver includes at least one receiving portion, at least one transmitting portion, and an extension processor. The apparatus further includes a signal adaptation unit configured to convert a downstream electrical transmission lane into a plurality of individual wavelengths. Each of the converted individual wavelengths are for transmission to one of an optical node and an end user. The apparatus further includes a plurality of transceivers, disposed within the signal adaptation unit, and configured to process and transmit the converted individual wavelengths as a bundle for retransmission to the respective end users.