A system for receiving data from the nano-elements inside the body or on the body is provided, including a molecular communication unit. The molecular communication unit includes an antenna to be attached to the body or on the body in order to transfer the data from the inside of the body to the outside of the body and an antenna body configured to change and reflect an electromagnetic signal when the antenna is subjected to electromagnetic signal, and the antenna body includes a re-shapeable part made of a material which changes in form when it is subjected to a factor inside the body. A system for sending data to nano-elements is also provided.

A method for operating a bone conduction communication system can include establishing a communicable connection, operating a transducer in an input mode wherein the bone conduction transducers are configured to detect a vibration associated with a bone of the user; transmitting an audio signal over the communicable connection; and operating the transducers responsive to the audio signal.

A method and apparatus for audio stream sharing via a wireless link between an audio source device having an RF transceiver and audio sink devices each having an RF transceiver and a body area network (BAN) transceiver is described. Audio data is wirelessly streamed between an audio source device and an audio sink device via the respective RF transceiver. A user contact is detected on one of the audio sink device and a further audio sink device resulting in a BAN connection between the respective BAN transceivers of the audio sink device and the further audio sink device. In response to determining the user contact, a wireless link is setup between the audio source device and the further audio sink device. Audio data is then wirelessly streamed between the audio source and the further audio sink device via the respective RF transceivers.

Disclosed are examples of a method, a wearable device and a system enabling authentication of a user of a payment account or completion of a purchase transaction via signals generated by the wearable device. A process may include a wearable device generating a modulated signal using an encryption algorithm. The modulated signal may contain authentication information related to the wearable device including a cryptographic authentication message. The modulated signal is output to a biological medium interface of the wearable device that is coupled to a biological medium of a wearer of the wearable device. The biological medium is operable to conduct the modulated signal. A receiving device processes including decrypting and demodulating the modulated signal received from the biological medium. Using the demodulated signal, the authentication information transmitted from the wearable device is obtained. Based on the obtained authentication information, a transaction may be authorized, or a user authenticated.

A method includes receiving an input via a processor of the computing device. The input corresponds to data to be transmitted. The method further includes encoding the data to generate spreading codes corresponding at least in part to the data. The method further includes mapping the spreading codes to one or more frequency subcarriers of a plurality of frequency subcarriers, generating a transmit signal based at least in part on the one or more frequency subcarriers, and transmitting the transmit signal via an electrode capacitively coupled to a physical body. The transmit signal is transmitted from the electrode through the physical body.

A system for interfacing an in-body medical device with an external network includes a subdermal wideband on-body network (WON) hub, which in turn includes a hub rechargeable battery, a hub processor coupled to the hub rechargeable battery, a device interface configured to communicate with the in-body medical device, and coupled to the hub processor, and a hub-satellite near field communications wireless interface coupled to the hub processor. The system also includes a wearable WON server that in turn includes a server processor, a server-satellite interface coupled to the server processor, and an external network interface coupled to the server processor. The server processor implements a software controller; and a skin-mountable WON tethered satellite that includes a wired satellite-server interface, coupled to the wearable WON server, and a tethered satellite near-field communications (NFC) wireless interface, configured to communicate with the hub-satellite NFC wireless interface, and coupled to the wired satellite-server interface.

An apparatus that includes a partial power source including a first material and a second material, the partial power source configured to generate, upon contact with a conducting medium, a potential difference between the first material and the second material to provide power to a control device, and generate, using the first material and the second material, a current flow within the conducting medium, the current flow including information encoded based on a variable conductance between the first material and the second material.

Disclosed are a body channel communication method and an apparatus performing the same. An operating method of a transmitter includes obtaining an input signal including biometric information, generating an encoded signal and a control signal by encoding the input signal, generating a return-to-zero (RZ) signal of a biphasic waveform based on the encoded signal, and transmitting the RZ signal through a body channel.

A personal monitoring system includes one or more passive biometric sensors and a communication device. A passive biometric sensor is operable to sense a body condition of a body in accordance with a sense signal at a sense frequency to produce sensed data of a body condition. The passive biometric sensor is further operable to transmit an e-field signal via the body regarding the sensed data, wherein the e-field signal is in accordance with an e-field transmit/receive frequency. The communication device is operable to receive the e-field signal via the body. The communication device is further operable to recover the sensed data from the received e-field signal.

An information processing device includes: an acquisition unit that acquires measurement information obtained by a plurality of antenna elements included in an antenna device that transmits a radio signal using a first polarized wave and a second polarized wave that is inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the first polarized wave; and a generation unit that generates control information for controlling directivity of the radio signal based on the measurement information. The measurement information includes: first information based on a measurement result of a first polarized wave transmitted from a first antenna element among the plurality of antenna elements; second information indicating a relative difference between the first polarized wave transmitted from the first antenna element and a second polarized wave transmitted from the first antenna element; and third information indicating a relative difference between a radio signal transmitted from the first antenna element and a radio signal transmitted from a second antenna element different from the first antenna element.